{"id":14016,"date":"2020-04-04T14:53:36","date_gmt":"2020-04-04T14:53:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/orthodoxalbania.org\/2020\/?p=14016"},"modified":"2020-05-12T19:01:29","modified_gmt":"2020-05-12T17:01:29","slug":"joan-kukuzeli-mjeshtri-i-madh-i-muzikes-bizantine","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/orthodoxalbania.org\/2026\/2020\/04\/04\/joan-kukuzeli-mjeshtri-i-madh-i-muzikes-bizantine\/","title":{"rendered":"Joan Kukuzeli Mjeshtri i madh i Muzik\u00ebs Bizantine"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/h3>\n

Joan Kukuzeli\u00a0 Mjeshtri i madh i Muzik\u00ebs Bizantine<\/strong><\/h3>\n

 <\/p>\n

Theodhor Peci M. A.<\/em><\/strong><\/h4>\n

K\u00ebrkim nr. 8, Tiran\u00eb, 2012.<\/strong><\/h4>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Goj\u00ebdh\u00ebna, tradita, mendime studime dhe shum\u00eb shkrime qarkullojn\u00eb p\u00ebr figur\u00ebn e mjeshtrit t\u00eb madh t\u00eb muzik\u00ebs bizantine, osh\u00ebnar Joan Kukuzelit. Ky melurg (kompozitor) bizantin \u00ebsht\u00eb sa i njohur, po aq dhe i veshur me mistere. Tek ikonizimet e tij t\u00eb jep p\u00ebrshtypjen sikur petku i zi q\u00eb e mbulon, fsheh drit\u00ebn dhe pengon hulumtimin e jet\u00ebs, vepr\u00ebs dhe gjith\u00eb aktivitetit t\u00eb tij artistik e shpirt\u00ebror. Por nga ana tjet\u00ebr, krijimtaria n\u00eb muzik\u00ebn kishtare, muzikaliteti i s\u00eb cil\u00ebs p\u00ebrcillet me mjesht\u00ebri, arrin t\u00eb p\u00ebrmbush\u00eb q\u00ebllimin; b\u00ebn q\u00eb vija e thjesht\u00eb melodike e monofonike t\u00eb dep\u00ebrtoj\u00eb thell\u00eb n\u00eb brend\u00ebsin\u00eb e zemrave t\u00eb njer\u00ebzve, duke nxitur mallin dhe soditjen e Per\u00ebndis\u00eb, si dhe duke ngjallur interes n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e studimit. K\u00ebrkimi i bazuar n\u00eb fakte dhe argumente ka b\u00ebr\u00eb t\u00eb mundur mbledhjen e k\u00ebtyre margaritar\u00ebve t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndar\u00eb, p\u00ebr t\u00eb realizuar sadopak nj\u00eb mozaik t\u00eb jet\u00ebs s\u00eb tij.<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 Ky personalitet i shquar i periudh\u00ebs bizantine \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb pjes\u00eb e diskutimeve dhe studimeve t\u00eb mjaft muzikolog\u00ebve, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt p\u00ebrpiqen t\u00eb nxjerrin n\u00eb pah sa m\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebna p\u00ebr jet\u00ebn, veprimtarin\u00eb dhe mbi t\u00eb gjitha, p\u00ebr kontributin e vepr\u00ebs s\u00eb tij n\u00eb Artin Psaltik. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb k\u00ebkim jan\u00eb angazhuar muzikolog\u00eb t\u00eb huaj per\u00ebndimor\u00eb e lindor\u00eb dhe shum\u00eb pak, p\u00ebr t\u00eb mos th\u00ebn\u00eb fare, muzikolog\u00ebt shqiptar\u00eb. Ndodhemi jo vet\u00ebm p\u00ebrball\u00eb nj\u00eb personaliteti t\u00eb muzik\u00ebs, por p\u00ebrball\u00eb nj\u00eb arti n\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00ebsi t\u00eb harruar dhe t\u00eb pal\u00ebvruar n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb e sotme, ku muzikologjia bizantine ende nuk ka rihedhur themele t\u00eb forta studimore dhe shkencore.<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Duke u ndeshur me k\u00ebt\u00eb situat\u00eb, evidentohen mang\u00ebsi, gabime dhe antiteza lidhur me personin n\u00eb fjal\u00eb, q\u00eb vijn\u00eb si rezultat i mos njohjes s\u00eb materialit burimor t\u00eb kodik\u00ebve, por dhe nga anashkalimi i disa t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave historike mjaft bazike dhe t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme. Nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht, ndeshemi dhe me studime, t\u00eb cilat nuk paraqiten me objektivitet, por p\u00ebr\u00e7ohen e ofrohen me nj\u00eb imazh nacionalist dhe aspak shkencor. Ky prezantim synon t\u00eb hedh\u00eb pak drit\u00eb mbi k\u00ebt\u00eb personalitet.<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Tradita e hershme, larmia dor\u00ebshkrimore e kodik\u00ebve, inteligjenca muzikore, p\u00ebrvoja si dhe nd\u00ebrgjegjja e njer\u00ebzimit n\u00eb shekuj, i ka atribuuar muzikantit t\u00eb madh Joan epitete, em\u00ebrtime dhe mbiemra nga m\u00eb t\u00eb ndryshmit si: Kukuzeli, Papadhopulosi, Mjesht\u00ebr, m\u00ebsues, himnograf, kompozitor, kryepsalt, reformator, si dhe shenjt i Kish\u00ebs Orthodhokse. P\u00ebrve\u00e7 tyre, shum\u00eb kompozitor\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdhenj dhe kodikograf\u00eb kan\u00eb nderuar personalitetin e tij. Melurgu i madh bizantin Manuel Krisafi shkruan gjat\u00eb periudh\u00ebs s\u00eb R\u00ebnies s\u00eb Konstandinopoj\u00ebs, duke e cil\u00ebsuar at\u00eb si: \u201ct\u00eb hirsh\u00ebm, m\u00eb t\u00eb mrekullueshmin, m\u00eb t\u00eb \u00ebmblin, Mjesht\u00ebr t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb, m\u00ebsuesin e m\u00ebsuesve, qen\u00ebsisht m\u00ebsues i madh dhe shum\u00eb i lumuruesh\u00ebm\u201d1. Rreth k\u00ebtyre em\u00ebrtimeve ekzistojn\u00eb larmi mendimesh e hipotezash, t\u00eb cilat kan\u00eb t\u00ebrhequr v\u00ebmendjen e t\u00eb gjith\u00ebve.<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Jet\u00ebshkrimi i tij m\u00eb i vjet\u00ebr vjen prej sinaksarit2 q\u00eb ndodhet n\u00eb kodikun nr. 46 (1550), t\u00eb manastirit t\u00eb Vlatadhonit. P\u00ebrmbledhtazi\u00a0 gjejm\u00eb se:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u201cJoan Kukuzeli lindi n\u00eb Durr\u00ebs. Q\u00eb n\u00eb mosh\u00eb t\u00eb vog\u00ebl mbeti jetim nga i ati dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb u kujdes e \u00ebma, p\u00ebr ta rritur e shkolluar. N\u00eb shkoll\u00eb shok\u00ebt e ngacmonin dhe e pyesnin \u201c\u00c7far\u00eb h\u00ebngre sot Joan?\u201d dhe ai p\u00ebrgjigjej \u201ckukia dhe zelje\u201d dhe p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb arsye e quajt\u00ebn Kukuzel. Ai ishte nj\u00eb djal\u00eb i zgjuar dhe me z\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb bukur, prandaj shum\u00eb i th\u00ebrrisnin z\u00ebengj\u00ebll. M\u00eb von\u00eb shkoi t\u00eb studionte n\u00eb shkoll\u00ebn mbret\u00ebrore, n\u00eb Konstandinopoj\u00eb. Ai krijoi nj\u00eb simpati t\u00eb madhe te Perandori, i cili d\u00ebshironte ta martonte me nj\u00eb vajz\u00eb pallati. Por ai k\u00ebrkoi t\u00eb largohej p\u00ebr pak koh\u00eb, q\u00eb ta mendonte at\u00eb gj\u00eb dhe t\u00eb takonte dhe nj\u00ebher\u00eb n\u00ebn\u00ebn e tij. Shkoi n\u00eb qytetin e Durr\u00ebsit dhe kur iu afrua sht\u00ebpis\u00eb s\u00eb tij, d\u00ebgjoi n\u00ebn\u00ebn t\u00eb vajtonte n\u00eb bullgarisht: \u201cMoe dhete milo, gdhemisi oho\u201d, d.m.th. \u201cKu je djali im i \u00ebmb\u00ebl!\u201d. Kur u kthye n\u00eb Konstandinopoj\u00eb, vazhdimisht i kujtohej vajtimi i n\u00ebn\u00ebs dhe p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb arsye kompozoi nj\u00eb polielei, q\u00eb e quajti \u201cbullgarja\u201d. Por, Joani d\u00ebshironte jet\u00ebn murg\u00ebrore dhe pa u marr\u00eb vesh, iku prej andej p\u00ebr n\u00eb Mal t\u00eb Shenjt\u00eb, n\u00eb manastirin e Lavr\u00ebs s\u00eb Madhe, ku u qeth murg. Atje jetoi derisa nd\u00ebrroi jet\u00eb.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Njihet, gjer\u00ebsisht, me emrin Joan dhe mbiemrin Kukuzeli. Por m\u00eb shum\u00eb ka b\u00ebr\u00eb p\u00ebrshtypje mbiemri \u201cKukuzeli\u201d, i shoq\u00ebruar me p\u00ebr- shkrimin interesant t\u00eb nj\u00eb peripecie f\u00ebmij\u00ebrore, q\u00eb mendohet se e ka paraprir\u00eb at\u00eb. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb ngjarje tregohen versione t\u00eb larmishme t\u00eb karakterit satirik, prej s\u00eb cil\u00ebs nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e njer\u00ebzve mendojn\u00eb se e ka prejardhjen mbiemri i tij. Por a \u00ebsht\u00eb me t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb k\u00ebshtu?<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0Pik\u00ebrisht, p\u00ebr mbiemrin e tij jan\u00eb ngritur shum\u00eb hipoteza dhe supozime. S\u00eb pari, qarkullon gjer\u00ebsisht mendimi se mbiemrin e mori nga p\u00ebrqeshjet e her\u00ebpashershme t\u00eb shok\u00ebve t\u00eb tij, n\u00eb form\u00ebn e nj\u00eb nofke, ashtu si\u00e7 p\u00ebrshkruhet te dialogu nga sinaksari i lartp\u00ebrmendur. K\u00ebt\u00eb mendim pretendojn\u00eb muzikolog\u00ebt bullgar\u00eb me justifikimin se \u201ckukia dhe zelie\u201d q\u00eb e p\u00ebrkthyer d.m.th. bath\u00eb e lakra jan\u00eb fjal\u00eb me prejardhje bullgare3. S\u00eb dyti, mendohet se mbiemri Kukuzeli \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb mbiem\u00ebr i zakonsh\u00ebm bizantin q\u00eb p\u00ebrfitohet nga fjala n\u00eb greqisht \u201c\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03b6\u03b9\u201d apo \u201c\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03b6\u03b7\u03c2a\u201d (kukuzis). Sipas muzikolog\u00ebve bizantin\u00eb grek\u00eb mbiemri n\u00eb greqisht Kukuzelis \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrk\u00ebdhelie mbiemrit \u201c\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03b6\u03b7\u03c2\u201d, t\u00eb cilin e hasim n\u00eb ishujt e Egjeut verilindor. Ata na japin disa shembuj t\u00eb ngjash\u00ebm n\u00eb mbiemra me mbaresa\u00a0 n\u00eb- \u03ad\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2 p.sh.: n\u00eb sende \u03c8\u03c9\u03bc\u03af-\u03c8\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9, \u03c4\u03c5\u03c1\u03af-\u03c4\u03c5\u03c1\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9, n\u00eb emra \u0393\u03b9\u03ac\u03bd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2-\u0393\u03b9\u03ac\u03bd\u03bd\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2, \u0394\u03b7\u03bc\u03ae\u03c4\u03c1\u03b7\u03c2-\u0394\u03b7\u03bc\u03b7\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2 dhe n\u00eb mbiemra \u03a0\u03b1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c2-\u03a0\u03b1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2, \u039a\u03bf\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03be\u03b7\u03c2-\u039a\u03bf\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03be\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2. Sipas tyre ky mbiem\u00ebr p\u00ebrdoret edhe sot4.<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Duhet theksuar se pa p\u00ebrjashtim, n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb kodik\u00ebt muzikor\u00eb q\u00eb njohim deri m\u00eb sot q\u00eb p\u00ebrmbajn\u00eb vepr\u00ebn e tij artistike, emri Joan shoq\u00ebrohet gjithmon\u00eb me mbiemrin Kukuzeli, si dhe her\u00eb pas here me em\u00ebrtime t\u00eb tjera si Papadhopulos, Mjesht\u00ebr, i lasht\u00eb, zot\u00ebri etj. K\u00ebto kan\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb t\u00eb mundur q\u00eb t\u00eb mos vihet n\u00eb dyshim autor\u00ebsia dhe origjinaliteti i vepr\u00ebs s\u00eb tij. Por m\u00eb shum\u00eb evidentohet te fakti se vet\u00eb Mjeshtri p\u00ebrdor k\u00ebto em\u00ebrtime dhe firmos n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn greke, gjuh\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn shkroi himnet madh\u00ebshtore kishtare bizantine. I paraqes k\u00ebto t\u00eb dh\u00ebna t\u00eb holl\u00ebsishme p\u00ebr arsye se n\u00eb bot\u00ebn e madhe t\u00eb melurg\u00ebve bizantin\u00eb dhe pasbizantin\u00eb, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 tij ekzistojn\u00eb dhe persona t\u00eb tjer\u00eb q\u00eb mbartin mbiemrin Kukuzeli. Nd\u00ebr ta dallojm\u00eb Grigor (Kukuzelin) Domestikun,5 si dhe Joasafin, Kukuzelin e ri6.<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Duke iu referuar sinaksarit si burim t\u00eb vet\u00ebm, Grigor (Kukuzeli) Domestiku shpesh \u00ebsht\u00eb ngat\u00ebrruar dhe identifikuar me vet\u00eb Joan Kukuzelin, p\u00ebr disa arsye: S\u00eb pari, vihet re se monedh\u00ebn e art\u00eb nga Hyjlind\u00ebsja e merr Grigori dhe jo vet\u00ebm Kukuzeli, si\u00e7 dihet prej t\u00eb gjith\u00ebve nga sinaksari; s\u00eb dyti, Joan Kukuzeli cil\u00ebsohet si osh\u00ebnar (murg) dhe jo me mbiemrin Papadhopulos; s\u00eb treti, te Grigor Domestiku nuk shtohet mbiemri Kukuzelis, si\u00e7 pretendojn\u00eb disa muzikolog\u00eb. Studiuesi grek Simon Karasi nga p\u00ebrvoja e shum t\u00eb me kodik\u00ebt, prezanton nd\u00ebr ta edhe t\u00eb tjer\u00eb po me t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtin mbi- em\u00ebr: Leond Kukuzelin, shkruesin e kodikut nr. 5302 (1562), t\u00eb manastirit t\u00eb Ivironit, Jerothe Kukuzelin, qipriot, shkruesin e dy kodik\u00ebve me nr. 135 (1597) dhe me nr. 35 (1601), t\u00eb manastirit t\u00eb Kosifinisis, si dhe n\u00eb fund Joan Kukuzelin e ri, kompozitor nga fillimi i shek. XVI7.<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Gjat\u00eb k\u00ebrkimeve t\u00eb ndryshme studimore n\u00eb bot\u00ebn e kodik\u00ebve t\u00eb vjet\u00ebr muzikor\u00eb, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 em\u00ebrtimeve t\u00eb njohura e t\u00eb lartp\u00ebrmendura mbi figur\u00ebn e mjeshtrit Joan Kukuzeli, u konstatua dhe nj\u00eb mbiem\u00ebr tjet\u00ebr n\u00eb dor\u00ebshkrime m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebvonshme. Pra, kemi t\u00eb b\u00ebjm\u00eb me Mjeshtrin bizantin Joan \u201cPapadhopulos\u201d Kukuzeli. Mbiemri \u201cPapadhopulos\u201d konstatohet n\u00eb tri dor\u00ebshkrime: te kodiku me num\u00ebr 1256, i manastirit t\u00eb Sinait, q\u00eb p\u00ebrmban nj\u00eb Irmologjio t\u00eb vitit 1309; te kodiku sinaik, por i em\u00ebrtuar si kodiku nr. 121 i Leningradit, q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb Irmologjio i datuar m\u00eb 1302; si dhe te kodiku nr. 457 i manastirit t\u00eb Kutlumusiut, nj\u00eb Papadhik\u00eb q\u00eb daton n\u00eb gjysm\u00ebn e dyt\u00eb t\u00eb\u00a0\u00a0 shek. XIV. N\u00eb kodikun e Kutlumusiut thuhet: \u00ab\u0391\u03c1\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd \u0398\u03b5\u03ce\u00a0 \u03b1\u03b3\u03af\u03c9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u039c\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5 \u0395\u03c3\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c7\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd, \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03ac \u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03ad\u03b1, \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd, \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0393\u03bb\u03c5\u03ba\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03cc\u03c7\u03c9\u03bd \u0430\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c6\u03bf\u03b9\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd \u039e\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c8\u03ac\u03bb\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u039a\u03bf\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a0\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd \u0406\u03c9\u03ac\u03bd\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u039a\u03bf\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03be\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7, \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd\u00bb8.<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 Madje muzikologu Konstandin Psahos konstaton se po me k\u00ebt\u00eb mbiem\u00ebr gjendet dhe te kodiku nr. 3179 i manastirit t\u00eb Ksiropotamit. Ky fakt mjaft i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm \u00ebsht\u00eb evidentuar n\u00eb dor\u00ebshkrimet autografe t\u00eb tij, ku vet\u00eb personi n\u00eb fjal\u00eb firmos n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb form\u00eb, por dhe n\u00eb kopjimin e m\u00ebvonsh\u00ebm, ku kopjuesi i kodikut ruan origjinalitetin e tij. Ky em\u00ebrtim nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb i p\u00ebrhapur sa dy em\u00ebrtimet e para, por \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur nga mjaft muzikolog\u00eb serioz\u00eb10. Duke b\u00ebr\u00eb nj\u00eb parantez\u00eb t\u00eb lejueshme, nd\u00ebr ta dallojn\u00eb muzikolog\u00ebt e d\u00ebgjuar Grigor Stathis, prof. dr. n\u00eb Universitetin e Athin\u00ebs, n\u00eb deg\u00ebn e studimeve muzikore, si dhe Simon Karas, studiues bizantin11. Por le t\u2019i rikthehemi tem\u00ebs m\u00eb n\u00eb brend\u00ebsi!<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Pik\u00ebrisht, mbi mbiemrin Papadhopulos jan\u00eb hedhur disa mendime dhe hipoteza. S\u00eb pari, meqen\u00ebse mbiemri \u201cPapadhopulos\u201d \u00ebsht\u00eb fjal\u00eb e p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00eb n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn greke, q\u00eb e p\u00ebrkthyer do t\u00eb thot\u00eb \u201cf\u00ebmij\u00eb prifti\u201d, supozohet q\u00eb ai mbase t\u00eb ket\u00eb qen\u00eb djal\u00eb prifti12. Por jet\u00ebshkrimi nga sinaksari i lartp\u00ebrmendur nuk na jep m\u00eb shum\u00eb informacione se kaq, as na p\u00ebrmend faktin se Joan Papadhopulos ishte djal\u00eb prifti.<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 Madje sinaksari nuk e p\u00ebrmend fare mbiemrin Papadhopulos dhe as q\u00eb i ati i tij mund t\u00eb ket\u00eb qen\u00eb prift. S\u00eb dyti, nj\u00eb hipotez\u00eb tjet\u00ebr vjen prej pretendimeve t\u00eb studiuesve bullgar\u00eb, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt\u00a0 mbrojn\u00eb me fanatiz\u00ebm se ky mbiem\u00ebr \u00ebsht\u00eb i huazuar n\u00eb greqisht dhe se origjin\u00ebn e ka nga bullgarishtja prej fjal\u00ebve P\u00fcpof ose Popovi\u00e713.<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Figura e Joanit \u00ebsht\u00eb me t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb e jasht\u00ebzakonshme. Persona- liteti i tij mund t\u00eb krahasohet shum\u00eb mir\u00eb me mjeshtrit dhe m\u00ebsuesit e m\u00ebdhenj\u00a0 t\u00eb\u00a0 \u00e7do\u00a0 kohe. N\u00eb muzikologjin\u00eb bizantine, termat Mjesht\u00ebr14 dhe M\u00ebsues marrin ngjyrime t\u00eb nj\u00eb lloji tjet\u00ebr, n\u00eb kontrast me titujt profesor e doktor. \u201cTermat mjesht\u00ebr dhe m\u00ebsues identifikohen dhe tregojn\u00eb kryesisht m\u00ebsuesin e muzik\u00ebs, teknikun perfekt t\u00eb artit t\u00eb \u00a0tingu jve (modeve), zot\u00ebruesin e plot\u00eb t\u00eb \u00a0teoris\u00eb \u00a0s\u00eb muzik\u00ebs, \u00a0termave, rregullave dhe \u201cmetodave\u201d t\u00eb saj. Zakonisht mjeshtrit dhe m\u00ebsuesit kan\u00eb z\u00eb t\u00eb \u00ebmb\u00ebl dhe melodioz. Gjithashtu, parap\u00eblqejn\u00eb analoget e t\u00eb psalurit n\u00eb tempujt e hirsh\u00ebm, kompozimin e melodive, si dhe m\u00ebsimdh\u00ebnien e muzik\u00ebs. Nga k\u00ebta dy terma, termi \u201cm\u00ebsues i muzik\u00ebs\u201d mund t\u2019i jepet t\u00eb gjith\u00eb kompozitor\u00ebve t\u00eb njohur t\u00eb muzik\u00ebs bizantine, kurse termi \u201cMjesht\u00ebr\u201d jepet vet\u00ebm te disa muzikant\u00eb t\u00eb caktuar dhe t\u00eb parit Joan Kukuzelit Papadhopulit. Ky term p\u00ebrb\u00ebn maj\u00ebn e titujve muzikor\u00eb\u201d15. Nga dor\u00ebshkrimet e periudh\u00ebs s\u00eb m\u00ebvonshme bizantine (1200-1453), nxjerrim n\u00eb pah se ekzistojn\u00eb dhe kompozitor\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00eb me k\u00ebt\u00eb titull: mjeshtri Joan Kalistos, mjeshtri Manuel Argjiropulos, mjeshtri Manuel Krisafi etj.<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0P\u00ebrve\u00e7 k\u00ebtyre q\u00eb p\u00ebrmend\u00ebm m\u00eb sip\u00ebr, duhet theksuar se Joan Kukuzeli nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb thjesht nj\u00eb figur\u00eb e spikatur, q\u00eb ka ngjallur respekt e q\u00eb ka b\u00ebr\u00eb buj\u00eb n\u00eb rrethin e muzikolog\u00ebve dhe tek muzik\u00ebdash\u00ebsit, por q\u00ebndron n\u00eb piedestal t\u00eb lart\u00eb, n\u00eb rreshtat e shenjtor\u00ebve t\u00eb Kish\u00ebs Orthodhokse, ku \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb shembull imitimi i mjaft besimtar\u00ebve dhe ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht i psalt\u00ebve. N\u00eb t\u00eb kremtet e vitit liturgjik ai festohet m\u00eb 1 tetor, s\u00eb bashku me sh\u00ebn Roman Melodistin, kompozitorin e shkurtoreve (nj\u00eb figur\u00eb e \u00e7muar e himnologjis\u00eb orthodhokse), sh\u00ebn Grigor Domestikun (t\u00eb ashtuquajtur Kukuzeli) etj.<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Duke u bazuar vet\u00ebm te sinaksari, sh\u00ebn Joan Kukuzeli njihet si osh\u00ebnar (murg), q\u00eb murg\u00ebroi n\u00eb Malin e Shenjt\u00eb, n\u00eb Manastirin e Lavr\u00ebs s\u00eb Madhe, deri n\u00eb fund t\u00eb jet\u00ebs s\u00eb tij. Tradita e hirshme e Kish\u00ebs Orthodhokse e rendit Joan Kukuzelin n\u00eb radh\u00ebt e osh\u00ebnar\u00ebve q\u00eb shk\u00eblqyen n\u00eb Malin e Shenjt\u00eb n\u00eb Athos. N\u00eb nd\u00ebrgjegjen e Kish\u00ebs, ky fakt nuk diskutohet dhe as q\u00eb vihet n\u00eb dyshim16. Megjith\u00ebse n\u00eb p\u00ebrmbajtjen e kodik\u00ebve t\u00eb muzik\u00ebs sh\u00ebn Joan Kukuzeli nuk p\u00ebr- mendet asnj\u00ebher\u00eb si osh\u00ebnar- murg, por vet\u00ebm me em\u00ebrtimet e lartp\u00ebrmendura17, tradita e Kish\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb ajo e cila plot\u00ebson dhe v\u00ebrteton goj\u00eb m\u00eb goj\u00eb n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet ndri\u00e7imit t\u00eb Shpirtit t\u00eb Shenjt\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb historike, q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb pjes\u00eb organike e nd\u00ebrgjegjes s\u00eb pagabueshme t\u00eb Kish\u00ebs gjat\u00eb gjith\u00eb historis\u00eb s\u00eb njer\u00ebzimit.<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0D\u00ebshmia m\u00eb e njohur p\u00ebr sa i p\u00ebrket nj\u00eb far\u00eb renditjeje t\u00eb kom- pozitor\u00ebve q\u00eb kan\u00eb lidhje me Kukuzelin na jepet nga lambadhari dhe mjeshtri Manuel Krisafi. N\u00eb manualin e tij teorik t\u00eb vitit 1458, n\u00eb kodikun nr. 1120, t\u00eb manastirit t\u00eb Ivironit, thuhet:\u00a0 \u201cKompozitori i par\u00eb i sht\u00ebpive (\u03bf\u03af\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2) ishte Aneotis dhe i dyti\u00a0 ishte\u00a0 Glikis,\u00a0 q\u00eb imitoi Aneotin; pastaj i treti ishte i ashtuquajturi Ithikos, q\u00eb ndoqi si m\u00ebsues dy kompozitor\u00ebt q\u00eb paratham\u00eb dhe pas gjith\u00eb atyre, Joan Kukuzeli, q\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb thoshin se ishte me t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb i madh\u201d18. Profesor Stathis pohon se n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn periudh\u00eb kohore d\u00ebshmon dhe m\u00ebsuesi i madh \u00a0bizantin i Artit Psaltik, Grigor Bunis Aliatis, n\u00eb vitin 1437, duke th\u00ebn\u00eb: \u201cU kompozuan nga domestiku, zoti Mihail Aneoti; u kalopizuan19 nga kryepsalti, zoti Joan Glikis. M\u00eb pas u shkruan dhe prej mjeshtrit, zotit Joan Kukuzeli, n\u00eb form\u00eb t\u00eb shkurtuar dhe me p\u00ebrpik\u00ebri\u201d.<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Joan Kukuzeli \u00ebsht\u00eb me t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb i madh n\u00eb sfer\u00ebn e tij. Ai nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb adhuruar thjesht nga simpatizant\u00ebt e muzik\u00ebs, por p\u00ebr t\u00eb jan\u00eb shkruar studime serioze, si dhe tri doktoratura nga informacionet e fundit. Por p\u00ebrs\u00ebri shum\u00eb elemente nuk jan\u00eb pranuar unanimisht. Brenda k\u00ebtij terreni ka pasur shum\u00eb mendime, sidomos p\u00ebr p\u00ebrcaktimin e epok\u00ebs s\u00eb Joan Kukuzelit. Por, duke u kthyer mbrapa n\u00eb koh\u00eb, le t\u00eb v\u00ebzhgojm\u00eb d\u00ebshmi t\u00eb tjera q\u00eb i referohen atij, p\u00ebr t\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb qart\u00eb koh\u00ebn n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn ka jetuar. Sipas argumentimeve t\u00eb profesor Grigor Stathis burimet p\u00ebrcaktuese t\u00eb epok\u00ebs s\u00eb tij p\u00ebrqendrohen: N\u00eb\u00a0 nj\u00eb\u00a0 Papadhik\u00eb,\u00a0 q\u00eb daton nga gjysma e dyt\u00eb e shek. XIV, n\u00eb kodikun nr. 457 t\u00eb manastirit t\u00eb Kutlumusiut. K\u00ebtu referohet mjeshtri dhe zoti Joan Papadhopulos Kukuzeli me bashk\u00ebnx\u00ebn\u00ebsin e tij, kryepsaltin Kseni Koronin, si dhe m\u00ebsuesi i tyre i mrekulluesh\u00ebm, kryepsalti Joani Glikis, q\u00eb korrespondon me patriarkun Joan Glikis i 13t\u00eb, (1315-1320). Ky i fundit s\u00eb bashku me patriarkun Nikifor Ithikos kan\u00eb jetuar para Joan Kukuzelit.<\/p>\n

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  • N\u00eb nj\u00eb Stihirar (1341), n\u00eb kodikun nr. 884, t\u00eb Bibliotek\u00ebs Ko- mb\u00ebtare t\u00eb Greqis\u00eb (EBE). N\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrehet se kodikografi Athanas sh\u00ebnon se ka kopjuar kodikun nga nj\u00eb kodik tjet\u00ebr i korrigjuar. K\u00ebtu cil\u00ebsohet Joan Kukuzeli si i vjet\u00ebr, por jo se me t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb ishte shum\u00eb i vjet\u00ebr.<\/li>\n
  • N\u00eb Papadhik\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb lasht\u00eb (1336), te kodiku nr. 2458, t\u00eb Bi- bliotek\u00ebs Komb\u00ebtare t\u00eb Greqis\u00eb. K\u00ebtu Joan Kukuzeli cil\u00ebsohet si mjesht\u00ebr dhe zot\u00ebri.<\/li>\n
  • N\u00eb nj\u00eb Irmologjio (1332), te kodiku nr. 1257, i manastirit t\u00eb Sinait. K\u00ebtu p\u00ebrmendet p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb me titullin \u201cmjesht\u00ebr\u201d.<\/li>\n
  • N\u00eb nj\u00eb Irmologjio (1309), te kodiku nr. 1256 i manastirit t\u00eb Sinait. N\u00eb kodik shkruhet se u kopjua\u00a0 prej\u00a0 Irinit,\u00a0 bija\u00a0 e Theodhor Agjiopetritit, por n\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb e ka firmosur vet\u00eb Joan Kukuzeli n\u00eb f. 183r.<\/li>\n
  • N\u00eb nj\u00eb Irmologjio (1302), te kodiku i Sinait nr. 491(121), i em\u00ebr- tuar kodiku i Leningradit (Pet\u00ebrburgut)). N\u00eb t\u00eb ekziston e nj\u00ebjta firm\u00eb.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

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    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Duke u bazuar pik\u00ebrisht te k\u00ebto t\u00eb dh\u00ebna burimore, jan\u00eb ngritur shum\u00eb mendime dhe nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb r\u00ebn\u00eb dakord nga t\u00eb gjith\u00eb p\u00ebr sa i p\u00ebrket epok\u00ebs n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn jetoi mjeshtri i madh Joan Kukuzeli. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje shum\u00eb e nd\u00ebrlikuar dhe do t\u00eb b\u00ebhej akoma dhe m\u00eb e nd\u00ebrlikuar po t\u00eb p\u00ebrmendja t\u00eb gjitha mendimet n\u00eb detaj. Fillimisht, do t\u00eb p\u00ebrpiqem t\u00eb prezantoj mendimin e muzikologut Stathis, i cili ka pasur p\u00ebrvoj\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe me k\u00ebto dor\u00ebshkrime.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0N\u00eb Irmologjion e vitit 1309, n\u00eb kodikun nr. 1256 t\u00eb Sinait, ekzis- ton nj\u00eb kompozim i Kukuzelit, i quajtur \u201cmelodi e re\u201d dhe n\u00eb Ir- mologjion e vitit 1332, te kodiku nr. 1257 i Sinait ekzistojn\u00eb tre kompozime anonime. K\u00ebto kompozime jan\u00eb tre vargje nga Haptoret dhe nj\u00eb varg nga Ps. 1 \u201cLum ai njeri\u201d, n\u00eb t\u00eb cilat shfaqen p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb tendencat e nj\u00eb forme t\u00eb re kompozimi kalofonik. Joan Kukuzeli, q\u00eb t\u00eb shkruante Irmologjion e vitit 1302 n\u00eb form\u00ebn e re, duhet t\u00eb kishte nj\u00eb mosh\u00eb t\u00eb pjekur dhe t\u00eb ishte njoh\u00ebs i p\u00ebrsosur i Artit Psaltik. N\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb logjike, mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktojm\u00eb lindjen e tij af\u00ebrsisht n\u00eb vitin 1270. Do t\u00eb ishte p\u00ebr t\u00eb e pamundur t\u00eb jetonte n\u00eb shekullin XII, sepse shkrimi muzikor deri m\u00eb 1177 ishte i pap\u00ebrsosur, por as n\u00eb gjasht\u00ebdhjet\u00eb apo shtat\u00ebdhjet\u00eb vitet e para t\u00eb shekullit XIII, kur Perandoria Bizantine ishte e pushtuar nga latin\u00ebt dhe ishte pezulluar \u00e7do aktivitet shpirt\u00ebror. Vet\u00ebm n\u00eb fund t\u00eb shek. XIII dhe fillimin e shek. XIV te dor\u00ebshkrimet evidentojm\u00eb melodi t\u00eb reja kalofonike, t\u00eb cilat jan\u00eb gjithnj\u00eb anonime, p\u00ebrpunohen nga Kukuzeli dhe bashk\u00ebkoh\u00ebsit e tij dhe b\u00ebhen t\u00eb njohura nga viti 1336 e tutje.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Kalofonia <\/strong><\/em>ishte nj\u00eb praktik\u00eb e re k\u00ebndimi, duke filluar me m\u00eb- suesin e Joan Kukuzelit dhe duke e pasuar ai. Gjithashtu, Joani nuk mund t\u00eb jetonte pas 1341-it, sepse nga d\u00ebshmit\u00eb e Sofron Efstriadhit20\u00a0 q\u00eb\u00a0 pasojn\u00eb\u00a0 dhe bashk\u00ebkoh\u00ebsit e tij, thuhet se ai ka jetuar n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb me patrik\u00ebt sh\u00ebn Filothe Kokino (jep dor\u00ebheqjen m\u00eb 1376) dhe Mateut t\u00eb par\u00eb (1396- 1410), madje dhe me t\u00eb famshmin Joan Kladha (rreth 1400)21. Me k\u00ebt\u00eb paraqitje t\u00eb profesor Stathisit bien dakord shumica e muzikolog\u00ebve grek\u00eb, por m\u00eb shum\u00eb dhe ata t\u00eb huaj.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Nd\u00ebrsa studiuesi Karas i p\u00ebrmbahet grupit tjet\u00ebr, q\u00eb e shpie Joan Kukuzelin dy shekuj m\u00eb mbrapa se profesor Stathis. P\u00ebr t\u00eb, dy kan\u00eb qen\u00eb provat, q\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktonin koh\u00ebn kur jetoi Joan Kukuzeli: nj\u00eb irmologjio (1309), kodiku nr. 1256 i manastirit t\u00eb Sinait, si dhe nj\u00eb Stihirario (1341), kodiku nr. 884 i Bibliotek\u00ebs Komb\u00ebtare t\u00eb Greqis\u00eb (EBE). M\u00eb pas p\u00ebrmend t\u00eb gjith\u00eb kodik\u00ebt q\u00eb ka paraqitur m\u00eb lart profesor Stathis. Ai pohon se kodiku i Sinait (1302) si dhe kodiku i EBE (1341) jan\u00eb kopjime dhe jo autograf\u00eb t\u00eb Kukuzelit. Pra, nuk jepet informacion q\u00eb ai t\u00eb ket\u00eb jetuar n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb koh\u00eb. Por dhe kodiku 2458 i EBE (1336), nuk v\u00ebrteton pranin\u00eb e\u00a0 tij. Ky i fundit, por dhe kodik\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00eb, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt edhe pse p\u00ebrmbajn\u00eb melodi papadhike dhe anagramatizma t\u00eb Stihirarit jan\u00eb sigurisht kopje nga kodik\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb vjet\u00ebr dhe jo t\u00eb dor\u00ebs s\u00eb Kukuzelit. Madje dhe kodiku nr. 1256 i Sinait (1302), dhe ai i Leningradit 491, t\u00eb shek. XIII, ka melodi papadhike t\u00eb Kukuzelit dhe bashk\u00ebkoh\u00ebsve t\u00eb tij. Gjithashtu dhe ky i fundit nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb i shkruar me dor\u00ebn e Kukuzelit, se d\u00ebshmon p\u00ebr Irmologjion si \u201cvep\u00ebr\u201d dhe jo autograf i Joan Kukuzelit. Por, edhe n\u00eb kodikun nr. 884 t\u00eb EBE q\u00eb p\u00ebrmban nj\u00eb Stihirar i vitit 1341, shkruesi Athanas Vurgos e quan Joanin t\u00eb vjet\u00ebr. Pra, shtrohet pyetja: N\u00ebse Kukuzeli fillon veprimtarin\u00eb m\u00eb 1270, 1302 dhe 1309 si\u00e7 referohet te kodik\u00ebt, si do t\u00eb mund t\u00eb quhej i vjet\u00ebr m\u00eb 1341? Madje fjala \u201ci vjet\u00ebr\u201d p\u00ebr Kukuzelin nuk u p\u00ebrdor kot nga shkruesi i kodikut, sepse donte t\u00eb b\u00ebnte dallim me Kukuzelin22 \u201ce tanish\u00ebm\u201d, bashk\u00ebkoh\u00ebsit t\u00eb tij, shek. XIV. Pra, nga gjith\u00eb ky p\u00ebrshkrim del n\u00eb p\u00ebrfundimin se koha e Joan Kukuzelit konsiderohet gjysma e dyt\u00eb e shek. XII.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Gjithashtu edhe muzikologu shqiptar Ramadan Sokoli n\u00eb pun- imin e tij mbi \u201cJan\u00a0 Kukuzelin\u201d, si\u00e7 e quan, p\u00ebrcakton dit\u00eblindjen e tij rreth viteve 1070-1075, t\u00eb cil\u00ebn e shikon si zgjidhjen e arsyeshme t\u00eb kronologjis\u00eb23. Por do doja t\u00eb theksoja se p\u00ebrcaktimi i par\u00eb nga professor Stathis \u00ebsht\u00eb pranuar m\u00eb shum\u00eb nga shumica e muzikolog\u00ebve per\u00ebndimor\u00eb dhe lindor\u00eb, por p\u00ebrs\u00ebri nuk mund t\u00eb flasim me siguri absolute. T\u00eb shpresojm\u00eb q\u00eb me kalimin e koh\u00ebs t\u00eb dalin n\u00eb pah elemente t\u00eb reja.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0P\u00ebr sa i p\u00ebrket vendlindjes s\u00eb tij, nuk disponojm\u00eb asnj\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebn\u00eb konkrete nga kodik\u00ebt e muzik\u00ebs, manualet teorike muzikore bizantine dhe pasbizantine, por vet\u00ebm nga kodiku nr. 46 (1550) i manastirit t\u00eb Vlatadhonit. N\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi, pranohet se vendlindja e tij \u00ebsht\u00eb qyteti yn\u00eb bregdetar i Durr\u00ebsit24. Q\u00eb prej vitit 1550 kur shkruhet biografia\u00a0 e par\u00eb e sh\u00ebn Joan Kukuzelit, si dhe tek t\u00eb gjith\u00eb shkrimtar\u00ebt m\u00eb pas, Durr\u00ebsi i\u00a0 Iliris\u00eb\u00a0 p\u00ebrmendet si atdheu i tij s\u00eb bashku me em\u00ebrtimin tjet\u00ebr Justiniana e par\u00eb25. Por duhet theksuar se pothuajse gjith\u00eb gadishulli i Ballkanit e ka p\u00ebrvet\u00ebsuar figur\u00ebn e Joan Kukuzelit, duke e veshur me petkun e flamurit t\u00eb tyre. Kjo konstatohet te bullgar\u00ebt, grek\u00ebt26, sllav\u00ebt e Ballkanit, si dhe tek ne shqiptar\u00ebt27. Ajo q\u00eb mund t\u00eb pohojm\u00eb me siguri, duke u bazuar te jet\u00ebshkrimi sipas manastirit t\u00eb Vlatadhonit, \u00ebsht\u00eb se Joan Kukuzeli ishte nga Durr\u00ebsi dhe rrjedhimisht durrsak. Kjo gj\u00eb v\u00ebrehet dhe nga respekti i madh q\u00eb ka Shqip\u00ebria dhe ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht Durr\u00ebsi p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb personalitet. Madje p\u00ebr nder t\u00eb tij shkolla artistike n\u00eb Durr\u00ebs ka marr\u00eb emrin \u201cJan Kukuzeli\u201d, fakt q\u00eb tregon lidhjen e ngusht\u00eb t\u00eb shenjtit me vendlindjen dhe atdhetar\u00ebt e tij.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Nj\u00eb element tjet\u00ebr i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm referimi kundrejt\u00a0 figures s\u00eb Mjeshtrit ton\u00eb, \u00ebsht\u00eb episodi i vajtimit t\u00eb n\u00ebn\u00ebs s\u00eb tij, si dhe kompozimi i famsh\u00ebm i vargut nga polielei, i ashtuquajtur \u201cBullgarja\u201d. Nga p\u00ebrshkrimi i jet\u00ebshkrimit, vajtimi i n\u00ebn\u00ebs s\u00eb Joan Kukuzelit ishte shkaku dhe frym\u00ebzimi i krijimit t\u00eb pjes\u00ebs s\u00eb famshme me emrin \u201cBullgarja\u201d. \u201cBullgarja\u201d nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb gj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr ve\u00e7se nj\u00eb varg kalofonik – \u201cDhe kujtimi yt brez pas brezi\u201d, i shk\u00ebputur prej polieleit \u201cSh\u00ebrb\u00ebtor\u00eb Zotin\u201d. Mbi k\u00ebt\u00eb kompozim \u00ebsht\u00eb ngritur nj\u00eb mal i madh debatesh nga pretendimet e muzikolog\u00ebve bizantin\u00eb. Studiuesit bullgar\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00ebt n\u00eb list\u00eb, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt bazuar thjesht te jeta e sinaksarit (e p\u00ebrpiluar nga traditat e goj\u00ebdh\u00ebnat e koh\u00ebs n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn ka jetuar autori), u p\u00ebrpoq\u00ebn t\u00eb bullgarizojn\u00eb mjeshtrin Joan Kukuzeli, duke ndikuar shum\u00eb opinionin dhe duke ndryshuar rrjedh\u00ebn historike t\u00eb komb\u00ebsis\u00eb\u00a0 s\u00eb Kukuzelit. Prova e vetme q\u00eb p\u00ebrdorin \u00ebsht\u00eb vargu i polieleit me emrin \u201cBullgarja\u201d (q\u00eb p\u00ebr ta i \u00ebsht\u00eb dedikuar n\u00ebn\u00ebs s\u00eb tij bullgare), i shkruar sipas tyre n\u00eb sllavishten e vjet\u00ebr28.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 Por studiuesit e tjer\u00eb29 kan\u00eb v\u00ebrtetuar t\u00eb kund\u00ebrt\u00ebn, duke u bazuar te dor\u00ebshkrimet dhe jo hamend\u00ebsit\u00eb. Por le t\u00eb v\u00ebrejm\u00eb frytet e k\u00ebrkimit. S\u00eb pari, n\u00eb dor\u00ebshkrimet e shek. XIV ky kompozim nuk i atribuohet fare Joan Kukuzelit, por absolutisht m\u00ebsuesit t\u00eb tij Joan Glikis, pa em\u00ebrtimin \u201cbullgarja\u201d30. S\u00eb dyti, n\u00eb dor\u00ebshkrimet e shek. XV i atribuohet p\u00ebrs\u00ebri Joan Glikisit, me em\u00ebrtimin \u201cbullgarja\u201d, por dhe thjesht \u201cbullgarja\u201d pa emrin e autorit31. S\u00eb treti, n\u00eb shek. XVI mbetet po kjo situat\u00eb, duke iu atribuuar kryepsaltit Joan Glikis, me em\u00ebrtimin \u201cbullgarja\u201d32.\u00a0 Gjithashtu,\u00a0 duhet theksuar se gjat\u00eb shekujve XIV-XVI v\u00ebrehet nj\u00eb paq\u00ebndrueshm\u00ebri, si dhe nj\u00eb rast tjet\u00ebr me nj\u00eb varg psalmi, \u201cSionin, mbretin e Amorenjve\u201d, t\u00eb quajtur \u201cbullgarja\u201d, kompozuar nga Joan Gliqeoti i Disikut33 q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb pothuajse e nj\u00ebjta\u00a0 melodi. S\u00eb kat\u00ebrti, madje n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb sporadike konstatohet se i atribuohet dhe Joan Kladhas\u00eb lambadarit34. Por n\u00ebse b\u00ebjm\u00eb nj\u00eb krahasim paralel t\u00eb gjith\u00eb k\u00ebtyre variacioneve me tituj t\u00eb ndrysh\u00ebm, v\u00ebrehet identifikimi dhe nj\u00ebsimi i tyre muzikor nga fillimi deri n\u00eb fund.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Nj\u00eb konstatim tjet\u00ebr \u00ebsht\u00eb dhe fakti se nga mesi i shek. XVI shfaqet tradita dor\u00ebshkrimore e jet\u00ebs s\u00eb mjeshtrit Joan Kukuzeli, e cila riprodhohet n\u00eb vazhdim nga nj\u00eb num\u00ebr i madh kodik\u00ebsh35. Kjo b\u00ebri, si\u00e7 e p\u00ebrmend\u00ebm m\u00eb lart, q\u00eb t\u00eb influencoj\u00eb tradit\u00ebn dor\u00ebshkrimore dhe t\u00eb krijoj\u00eb nj\u00eb paqart\u00ebsi te kodikograf\u00ebt p\u00ebr sa i p\u00ebrket identitetit t\u00eb vargut psalmik, duke i dh\u00ebn\u00eb autor\u00ebsin\u00eb jo nj\u00eb kompozitori, por m\u00eb e \u00e7uditshmja dy melurg\u00ebve, Joan Glikisit si dhe Joan Kukuzelit, n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb form\u00eb: \u201cE quajtura bullgarja, krijim i zotit Joan Glikis, t\u00eb tjer\u00eb thon\u00eb e mjeshtrit Joan Kukuzeli; tingulli i par\u00eb, Dhe kujtimi yt brez pas brezi36\u201d. Ky fakt tregon se periudha nga shek. XVII deri n\u00eb mesin e shek. XVIII \u00ebsht\u00eb e mbushur plot me dyshime dhe paqart\u00ebsi. Por, n\u00eb tridhjet\u00eb vitet e fundit t\u00eb shek. XVII botimet, opinioni, t\u00eb qenit shenjt i kish\u00ebs, si dhe duke qen\u00eb shum\u00eb i dashur nd\u00ebr murgjit, arrihet q\u00eb n\u00eb d\u00ebm t\u00eb kompozitorit t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb t\u00eb vargut Joan Glikis t\u2019i atribuohet vet\u00ebm nx\u00ebn\u00ebsit t\u00eb tij Joan Kukuzeli37. Duke krahasuar p\u00ebrs\u00ebri paralelisht k\u00ebto raste, do t\u00eb konstatojm\u00eb se ekziston vija e nj\u00ebjt\u00eb melodike pa ndryshime, e cila realisht i p\u00ebrket krijuesit t\u00eb saj, kryepsaltit dhe m\u00ebsuesit t\u00eb Joan Kukuzelit, Joan Glikis.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 N\u00ebse Joan Kukuzeli do ta kishte shkruar v\u00ebrtet at\u00eb pjes\u00eb muzikore dhe do t\u00eb ishte bullgar n\u00eb komb\u00ebsi, at\u00ebher\u00eb kur ka shkruar kratim\u00ebn \u201ctatariku\u201d apo \u201cpersikja\u201d apo \u201cfr\u00ebngia\u201d i bie q\u00eb t\u00eb ket\u00eb qen\u00eb me komb\u00ebsi tatar, pers apo fr\u00ebng. Por n\u00eb fakt ai \u00ebsht\u00eb aq bullgar sa shkroi vargun \u201cbullgarja\u201d, po aq anglez, francez apo italian sa ishte Bahu q\u00eb shkroi suita angleze e franceze dhe koncert italian. Por n\u00ebse Kukuzeli do t\u00eb ishte realisht bullgar, a nuk do t\u00eb shkruante nj\u00eb kodik n\u00eb bullgarisht, kushtuar patriot\u00ebve t\u00eb\u00a0 tij? Nga konstatimet e kodik\u00ebve nuk ekziston deri n\u00eb shek. XVI ndonj\u00eb kodik i plot\u00eb me muzik\u00eb bullgare. Por dhe vet\u00eb polielei i ashtuquajtur \u201cbullgarja\u201d nuk p\u00ebrmban asnj\u00eb fjal\u00eb e asnj\u00eb shkronj\u00eb n\u00eb bullgarisht apo sllavonisht. Madje osh\u00ebnari Joan Kukuzeli, n\u00eb\u00a0 baz\u00eb\u00a0 t\u00eb\u00a0 tradit\u00ebs nuk shkoi t\u00eb murg\u00ebroj\u00eb n\u00eb manastirin serb apo bullgar, por n\u00eb Lavr\u00ebn e Madhe. Nga gjysma e dyt\u00eb e shek. XIV dhe m\u00eb pas n\u00eb dor\u00ebshkrimet e k\u00ebsaj periudhe ndeshemi me k\u00ebta terma: \u201cbullgarja\u201d, \u201cbullgarica\u201d, \u201ci quajtur bullgar\u201d, \u201cbullgar dhe per\u00ebndimor\u201d, \u201cquhet bullgare dhe fr\u00ebnge\u201d etj. Deri n\u00eb shek. XV k\u00ebto em\u00ebrtime iu referohen gjasht\u00eb melurg\u00ebve t\u00eb tjer\u00eb bizantin\u00eb p\u00ebrve\u00e7 Joan Kukuzelit, si\u00e7 p\u00ebrmend\u00ebm m\u00eb sip\u00ebr. Gjithashtu, mendohet se emri \u201cbullgarja\u201d, s\u00eb pari, rrjedh prej fjal\u00ebs latine vulgus, q\u00eb n\u00ebnkupton populloren, laiken, s\u00eb dyti, mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb nj\u00eb em\u00ebr shpendi si\u00e7 ishte zakon t\u00eb em\u00ebrtonin shum\u00eb pjes\u00eb muzikore, s\u00eb treti mund t\u2019i referohet nj\u00eb vegle muzikore pik\u00ebrisht nj\u00eb fyelli t\u00eb dyfisht\u00eb me iso (gurguri, Vurgara apo gorgara), por dhe disa veglave t\u00eb tjera muzikore.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Nj\u00eb aspekt tjet\u00ebr i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm i jet\u00ebshkrimit \u00ebsht\u00eb largimi i tij prej vendlindjes drejt Konstandinopoj\u00ebs, kryeqytetit t\u00eb Perandoris\u00eb Bizantine. Por p\u00ebrs\u00ebri kjo faqe e jet\u00ebs s\u00eb tij mbetet e err\u00ebt, pa pasur nj\u00eb drit\u00eb orientimi apo nj\u00eb pishtar vezullues ku nuk shpaloset q\u00ebllimi i largimit, as veprimtaria e tij arsimore n\u00eb pallatet perandorake dhe shkollat mbret\u00ebrore. Pothuajse gjith\u00eb biograf\u00ebt, duke pasur d\u00ebshir\u00ebn e mir\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb sqaruar gj\u00ebrat, si dhe duke ditur ose jo munges\u00ebn e nj\u00eb fakti t\u00eb dokumentuar spekulojn\u00eb dhe hedhim hipoteza t\u00eb shumta, duke e b\u00ebr\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00ebrheq\u00ebse jet\u00ebn e Joan Kukuzelit. Studiuesit tan\u00eb shqiptar\u00eb mendojn\u00eb se largimi i Joan Kukuzelit p\u00ebrkon me emigrimin e shum\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebve t\u00eb Ballkanit Jugor, drejt territoreve t\u00eb Greqis\u00eb e m\u00eb gjer\u00eb, q\u00eb njihet si zbritja e arvanitasve. Por cili ishe aktiviteti i tij n\u00eb Konstandinopoj\u00eb?<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Duke ndjekur gjurm\u00ebt e Tradit\u00ebs informohemi se Joan Kukuzeli studioi n\u00eb shkolla mbret\u00ebrore. Atje u arsimua, duke arritur t\u00eb b\u00ebhej gjigant i muzik\u00ebs bizantine, \u201cM\u00ebsues i m\u00ebsuesve\u201d dhe Mjesht\u00ebr i Madh i Artit Psaltik. P\u00ebr sa i p\u00ebrket shkoll\u00ebs ku ka studiuar, parashtrohen hipoteza, t\u00eb cilat arrijn\u00eb deri n\u00eb at\u00eb pik\u00eb saq\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktojn\u00eb Joan Kukuzelin n\u00eb postin e drejtorit t\u00eb Shkoll\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb Mbret\u00ebrore t\u00eb quajtur \u201cPandidaktirion\u201d, e cila ndodhej te kisha e Apostujve t\u00eb Shenjt\u00eb38.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Madje, n\u00eb Konstandinopoj\u00eb pra n\u00eb Kish\u00ebs s\u00eb Sh\u00ebn Sofis\u00eb (Urt\u00ebsia e Per\u00ebndis\u00eb) ka qen\u00eb strehuar dhe nj\u00eb shkoll\u00eb muzike kishtare n\u00eb dallim me shkoll\u00ebn e lart\u00eb (universitetin) pran\u00eb Kish\u00ebs s\u00eb Apostujve t\u00eb shenjt\u00eb. Por k\u00ebto t\u00eb dh\u00ebna nuk mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktojn\u00eb me siguri se Mjeshtri yn\u00eb ka studiuar dhe ka dh\u00ebn\u00eb m\u00ebsim atje p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb munges\u00ebs s\u00eb materialit burimor.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 P\u00ebrs\u00ebri, duke u mb\u00ebshtetur te tradita, jeta e tij ndryshon drejt nj\u00eb rrug\u00ebtimi t\u00eb ri. Ai vendos t\u00eb largohet nga jeta metropolitane dhe t\u00eb ndjek\u00eb jet\u00ebn engj\u00ebllore, te bashk\u00ebsit\u00eb murg\u00ebrore n\u00eb Malin e Shenjt\u00eb, pik\u00ebrisht n\u00eb manastirin e Lavr\u00ebs s\u00eb Madhe, ku mes peripecish t\u00eb shumta i bashkohet atij komuniteti v\u00ebllaz\u00ebror. Fillimisht, kryen funksionin e bariut t\u00eb p\u00ebrulur q\u00eb kullot grigj\u00ebn n\u00eb\u00a0 fushat\u00a0 me bar dhe m\u00eb pas lart\u00ebsohet n\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimin q\u00eb i takon nj\u00eb mjeshtri po aq t\u00eb p\u00ebrulur, duke predikuar fjal\u00ebn e Per\u00ebndis\u00eb me z\u00ebrin e tij, n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e muzik\u00ebs, plot me \u201chimne dhe k\u00ebng\u00eb shpirt\u00ebrore\u201d. Himne q\u00eb i k\u00ebndoi deri n\u00eb fund t\u00eb jet\u00ebs s\u00eb tij n\u00eb manastir, himne q\u00eb kan\u00eb l\u00ebn\u00eb ende jehon\u00ebn t\u00eb kumboj\u00eb n\u00eb zemrat e atyre q\u00eb e d\u00ebgjojn\u00eb dhe q\u00eb nderojn\u00eb figur\u00ebn e shenjt\u00eb t\u00eb gjeniut t\u00eb heshtur Joan Kukukuzelit, mjeshtrit t\u00eb madh t\u00eb muzik\u00ebs bizantine, krenaria, \u201cg\u00ebzimi dhe kurora\u201d39 jon\u00eb.<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    \n

     <\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Dimitri E. Conomos, \u201cThe treatise of Manuel Chrysaphes the Lampadarios: On the theory of the Art of Chanting and on Certain Erroneoys Views That some Hold About it (Mount Athos, Iviron Monastery Ms 1120 [July, 1458])\u201d, Monumenta Mu- sicae Byzantinae – Corpus Scriptorium de Re Musica II<\/em>, Wien 1985, fq. 42. [N\u00eb vazhdim: Dimitri E. Conomos, The treatise of Manuel Chrysaphes<\/em>].<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        \n
      1. Tradita m\u00eb e vjet\u00ebr e jet\u00ebshkrimit t\u00eb tij gjendet te kodiku nr.46, (1550), n\u00eb manasti- rin e Vlatadhonit, n\u00eb Selanik shkruar nga nj\u00eb autor i panjohur, jo shum\u00eb i arsimuar, dhe me prejardhje sllave. Ai mblodhi t\u00eb gjitha traditat e goj\u00ebdh\u00ebnat q\u00eb ekzistonin n\u00eb koh\u00ebn e tij dhe krijoi nj\u00eb amalgam\u00eb episodesh. Ky jet\u00ebshkrim ka shum\u00eb elemente t\u00eb err\u00ebta q\u00eb duhen par\u00eb nga filolog\u00eb dhe historian\u00eb. Versioni m\u00eb i p\u00ebrdorur n\u00eb kish\u00eb sot \u00ebsht\u00eb ky: \u0392\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03c9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u039c\u03b1\u03c4\u03b8\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5, \u039f \u039c\u03ad\u03b3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039f\u03c1\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03be\u03bf\u03c5 \u0395\u03ba\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/em>, \u03c4\u03cc\u03bc. \u0399, \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b12 1964, fq.20-24.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
          \n
        1. Por n\u00eb fakt fjala kukia (\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03ba\u03b9\u03ac) \u00ebsht\u00eb fjal\u00eb q\u00eb ka kuptim vet\u00ebm n\u00eb greqisht, d.m.th. bath\u00eb.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
            \n
          1. \u03a3\u03af\u03bc\u03c9\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u039a\u03b1\u03c1\u1fb6, \u1f38\u03c9\u03ac\u03bd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u0390\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9\u03c1 \u1f41 \u039a\u03bf\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03b6\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f21 \u1f10\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u1f74 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6<\/em>, \u1f08\u03b8\u1fc6\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 1992, <\/em>\u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 1992, fq. 63 [N\u00eb vazhdim: \u03a3\u03af\u03bc\u03c9\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u039a\u03b1\u03c1\u1fb6, \u1f38\u03c9\u03ac\u03bd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u0390\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9\u03c1 \u1f41 \u039a\u03bf\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03b6\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2<\/em>]; ]]\u0393\u03c1\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u0398. \u03a3\u03c4\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7, \u201c\u039f \u039c\u03b1\u03ca\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9\u03c1 \u0399\u03c9\u03ac\u03bd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03a0\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b4\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bf \u039a\u03bf\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03b6\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2 (1270 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 – \u03b1\u0384 \u03ae\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b9\u03b4\u0384 \u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2) \u2013 \u0397 \u03b6\u03c9\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u201d, \u0395\u03c6\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 34 <\/em>(1986), \u03c4\u03bf\u03bc. 12-14 [N\u00eb vazhdim: \u0393\u03c1\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u0398. \u03a3\u03c4\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7, \u039f <\/em>\u039c\u03b1\u03ca\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9\u03c1 \u0399\u03c9\u03ac\u03bd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03a0\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b4\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2<\/em>. Grigor Domestiku nuk referohet nga t\u00eb gjith\u00eb muzikolog\u00ebt me mbiemrin Kukuzeli, por vet\u00ebm prej: \u0393\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u0399.\u03a0\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b4\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5, \u0399\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03ba\u03cc\u03c0\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b2\u03c5\u03b6\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u2019 \u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c2 (1-1900 \u03bc.\u03a7.), <\/em>\u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03bd\u03b72 1900, fq. 137-141. \u03a3\u03af\u03bc\u03c9\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u039a\u03b1\u03c1\u1fb6, \u1f38\u03c9\u03ac\u03bd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u0390\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9\u03c1 \u1f41 \u039a\u03bf\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03b6\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2, <\/em>fq. 40, 45; \u039a. \u0391. \u03a8\u03ac\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2, \u0397 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b2\u03c5\u03b6\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2, <\/em>\u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 1978, fq. 38.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
              \n
            1. \u0393\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u0399. \u03a0\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b4\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5, \u039b\u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b2\u03c5\u03b6\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2, <\/em>\u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b13 1995, fq. 132-134.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                \n
              1. \u03a3\u03af\u03bc\u03c9\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u039a\u03b1\u03c1\u1fb6, \u1f38\u03c9\u03ac\u03bd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u0390\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9\u03c1 \u1f41 \u039a\u03bf\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03b6\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2, <\/em>fq.40.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                  \n
                1. \u0393\u03c1\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u0398. \u03a3\u03c4\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7, \u03a4\u1f70 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03cc\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b1 \u03b2\u03c5\u03b6\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u1fc6\u03c2 – \u1f0d\u03b3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u1f4d\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2. \u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b9\u03ba\u1f78\u03c2 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03cc\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03c9\u03b4\u03af\u03ba\u03c9\u03bd \u03b2\u03c5\u03b6\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u1fc6\u03c2, \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b9\u03b2\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f31\u03b5\u03c1\u1ff6\u03bd \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u1ff6\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c3\u03ba\u03b7\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f09\u03b3\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f4d\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2<\/em>, \u03c4\u03bf\u03bc. 3, \u1f08\u03b8\u1fc6\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 1993, fq. 354.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                    \n
                  1. \u039a. \u0391. \u03a8\u03ac\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2, \u0397 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b2\u03c5\u03b6\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2, <\/em>\u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 1978, fq. 37.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                      \n
                    1. \u0393\u03c1\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u0398. \u03a3\u03c4\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7, \u039f \u039c\u03b1\u03ca\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9\u03c1 \u0399\u03c9\u03ac\u03bd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03a0\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b4\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2<\/em>; \u03a3\u03af\u03bc\u03c9\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u039a\u03b1\u03c1\u1fb6, \u1f38\u03c9\u03ac\u03bd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u0390\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9\u03c1 \u1f41 \u039a\u03bf\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03b6\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2, <\/em>fq. 9; \u039a\u03c9\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u039a\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03b7, \u0397 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03be\u03ae\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03a7\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03b2\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b2\u03c5\u03b6\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03c5\u03b6\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u0390\u03b1\u03c2, <\/em>\u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 2003, fq. 198; \u0393\u03c1. \u0393. \u0391\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03bf\u03c5, \u03a4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03a8\u03b1\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03a4\u03ad\u03c7\u03bd\u03b7<\/em>, \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 2005, fq. 259.<\/li>\n
                    2. \u00a0Z. Stathisn\u00eb ve\u00e7anti \u00ebsht\u00eb marr\u00eb me katalogimin e p\u00ebrmbajtjes s\u00eb kodik\u00ebve (me t\u00eb cilin kam pasur nderin t\u00eb kem qen\u00eb shum\u00eb her\u00eb me t\u00eb), kurse t\u00eb dy kan\u00eb pasur rastin t\u00eb k\u00ebn\u00eb shfletuar kodik\u00ebt nj\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb me duart e tyre, si dhe t\u00eb nxjerrin n\u00eb pah informacione t\u00eb reja burimore.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                        \n
                      1. \u0393\u03c1\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u0398. \u03a3\u03c4\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7, \u039f \u039c\u03b1\u03ca\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9\u03c1 \u0399\u03c9\u03ac\u03bd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03a0\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b4\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2<\/em>; Nga thesari i shenj- <\/em>tor\u00ebve, <\/em>bot. KOASH, Tiran\u00eb 2004, fq. 306.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                          \n
                        1. \u0393\u03c1\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u0398. \u03a3\u03c4\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7, \u039f \u039c\u03b1\u03ca\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9\u03c1 \u0399\u03c9\u03ac\u03bd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03a0\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b4\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                            \n
                          1. Termi \u201cmjesht\u00ebr\u201d e ka prejardhjen prej latinishtes \u201cmagister\u201d.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                              \n
                            1. \u0393\u03c1\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u0398. \u03a3\u03c4\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7, \u039f\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03af \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b2\u03c5\u03b6\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae\u03c2 <\/em>\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2, <\/em>\u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b16 2006, fq. 29.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                \n
                              1. \u0391\u03b2\u03b2\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc, \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c7\u03cc\u03c2, \u038c\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u0399\u03c9\u03ac\u03bd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u039a\u03bf\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03b6\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2 – \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2,<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0398\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03ba\u03b7 1999, fq. 15.<\/p>\n

                                  \n
                                1. Madje vet\u00eb Kukuzeli n\u00eb kodik\u00ebt autograf\u00eb t\u00eb tij nuk firmos si osh\u00ebnar, por si mje- sht\u00ebr Joan Papadhopulos Kukuzelis.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                    \n
                                  1. Dimitri E. Conomos, The treatise of Manuel Chrysaphes<\/em>, fq. 44.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                      \n
                                    1. \u039a\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03c9\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 – zhvillimi artistik i nj\u00eb melodie t\u00eb vjet\u00ebr, adoptuar nga nj\u00eb kompozi- tor i ri q\u00eb e p\u00ebrpunon, zbukuron dhe zgjeron melodin\u00eb e m\u00ebparshme me mjesht\u00ebri. Kalopizmat kryesisht b\u00ebn\u00eb buj\u00eb nga mezi i shek. t\u00eb XVII.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                        \n
                                      1. \u03a3\u03c9\u03c6\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u0395\u1f50\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5, \u00ab\u1f38\u03c9\u03ac\u03bd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u039a\u03bf\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03b6\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2 \u1f41 \u03bc\u03b1\u0390\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9\u03c1 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f41 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f00\u03ba\u03bc\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6\u00bb, \u0395\u0395\u0392\u03a3 14, <\/em>\u1f08\u03b8\u1fc6\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 1936, fq. 3-86.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                          \n
                                        1. \u0393\u03c1\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u0398. \u03a3\u03c4\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7, \u039f \u039c\u03b1\u03ca\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9\u03c1 \u0399\u03c9\u03ac\u03bd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03a0\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b4\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                            \n
                                          1. B\u00ebhet fjal\u00eb p\u00ebr Grigor Kukuzelin Domestikun.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                              \n
                                            1. Ramadan Sokoli, Figura t\u00eb ndritura<\/em>, Tiran\u00eb 1963, fq. 5.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                                \n
                                              1. Lorenzo Tardo, L\u2019 antika melurgia bizantina. Nell\u2019 interpretazione della scuola manastica di Grottaferrata, <\/em>Grottaferrata MCMXXXVIII [1938], fq. 70.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                                  \n
                                                1. K\u00ebtu q\u00ebndron gjith\u00eb problemi, se cili qytet p\u00ebrb\u00ebn Justinian\u00ebn e par\u00eb, q\u00eb p\u00ebr m\u00eb t\u00eb shumt\u00ebt \u00ebsht\u00eb Durr\u00ebsi, por p\u00ebr t\u00eb tjer\u00eb p\u00ebrmendet Ohri ose Shkupi.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                                    \n
                                                  1. Muzikolog\u00ebt bullgar\u00eb e justifikojn\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb fakt duke bullgarizuar n\u00ebn\u00ebn e tij, duke e mitizuar, si dhe duke p\u00ebrdorur si fakt polielein t\u00eb quajtur \u201cBullgarja\u201d.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                                      \n
                                                    1. Ramadan Sokoli, Figura t\u00eb ndritura<\/em>, Tiran\u00eb 1963, fq. 3,4; Sokol Shupo, Shkrimi muzikor dhe sistemi modal n\u00eb muzik\u00ebn bizantine<\/em>, Tiran\u00eb 1997, fq. 4, 56-71.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                                        \n
                                                      1. P. Sarafov, Manuel d\u2019\u00e9tudes pratiques et th\u00e9oriques de la musique religieuse orientale, <\/em>Sofia 1912, fq.184-203; P. Dinev, Duchovni muzikalni tvorbi na sv. Joan Kukuzel, <\/em>Sofia 1938; Milo\u0161 Velimirovi\u00e6, \u201cThe \u2018Bullgarian\u2019 musical pieces in byzantine musical manuscripts\u201d, Report of the eleventh Congress Copenhagen II<\/em>, Copenhagen 1972, fq. 790-791; R. Palikarova-Verdeil, La musique byzantine chez les Bulgares et les Russes ( du IXe au XIVe si\u00e8cle), <\/em>fq. 204-210.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                                          \n
                                                        1. \u00a0\u0391\u03c7\u03b9\u03bb\u03bb\u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 \u0393. \u03a7\u03b1\u03bb\u03b4\u03b1\u03b9\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7, \u039f \u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b2\u03c5\u03b6\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03c5\u03b6\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u0390\u03b1, <\/em>\u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 2003, fq. 134-140, 720-747.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                                            \n
                                                          1. \u00a0Kodik\u00ebt e Bibliotek\u00ebs Komb\u00ebtare t\u00eb Greqis\u00eb nr. 889 (EBE 889) (fundi i shek.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                                            \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0XIV) fl. 71r, nr. 2456 (shek. XIV), fl. 47r.<\/p>\n

                                                             <\/p>\n

                                                              \n
                                                            1. Kodik\u00ebt e Bibliotek\u00ebs Komb\u00ebtare t\u00eb Greqis\u00eb nr. 2406 (EBE 2406), i vitit 1453, fl. 101v; nr. 906 (EBE 906), fl. 72v.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                                                \n
                                                              1. Kodiku Iviron 1223, i fundit t\u00eb shek. XVI, fl. 75r.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                                                  \n
                                                                1. Kodiku i Bibliotek\u00ebs Komb\u00ebtare t\u00eb Greqis\u00eb nr. 928 (EBE 928), shek. XV, fl. 6r, 19r.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                                                    \n
                                                                  1. Kodiku i Bibliotek\u00ebs Komb\u00ebtare t\u00eb Greqis\u00eb nr. 2401 (EBE 240), i shek. XV, fl. 108v.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                                                      \n
                                                                    1. Edward V. Williams, A byzantine Ars Nova: The 14th-century reforms of John Koukouzeles in the chating of Great Vespers<\/em>, Paris, 1972, fq. 211.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                                                        \n
                                                                      1. Kodiku Iviron 951, fl. 30v prej autografit t\u00eb Gjermanit Neon Patron nga nj\u00eb ri- shkrim i dhjet\u00ebvje\u00e7arit 1670-1680, por p\u00ebrmendet dhe tek kodik\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebvonsh\u00ebm.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                                                          \n
                                                                        1. Kodiku Iviron 1250, fl. 96v, prej kodikut t\u00eb rishkruar autograf t\u00eb Balash priftit, i vitit 1670.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                                                            \n
                                                                          1. \u00a0\u03a3\u03af\u03bc\u03c9\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u039a\u03b1\u03c1\u1fb6, \u1f38\u03c9\u03ac\u03bd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u0390\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9\u03c1 \u1f41 \u039a\u03bf\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03b6\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2<\/em>, fq. 35.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                                                              \n
                                                                            1. \u00a0Fil. 4,1<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                                                                              Joan Kukuzeli\u00a0 Mjeshtri i madh i Muzik\u00ebs Bizantine   Theodhor Peci M. A. K\u00ebrkim nr. 8, Tiran\u00eb, 2012.   \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Goj\u00ebdh\u00ebna, tradita, mendime studime dhe shum\u00eb shkrime qarkullojn\u00eb p\u00ebr figur\u00ebn e mjeshtrit t\u00eb madh t\u00eb muzik\u00ebs bizantine, osh\u00ebnar Joan Kukuzelit. Ky melurg (kompozitor) bizantin \u00ebsht\u00eb sa i njohur, po aq dhe i veshur me […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"fifu_image_url":"","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[375],"tags":[597],"class_list":["post-14016","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-kisha-jone","tag-tekste-per-historine-e-kishes-sone"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nJoan Kukuzeli Mjeshtri i madh i Muzik\u00ebs Bizantine - Kisha Orthodhokse Autoqefale e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Life, faith and witness of the Orthodox Church in Albania.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/orthodoxalbania.org\/2026\/2020\/04\/04\/joan-kukuzeli-mjeshtri-i-madh-i-muzikes-bizantine\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"website\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Orthodox Autocephalous Church of Albania\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Life, faith and witness of the Orthodox Church in Albania.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/orthodoxalbania.org\/2026\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14016\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Orthodox Autocephalous Church of Albania\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/koash1991\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2020-04-04T14:53:36+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2020-05-12T17:01:29+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/orthodoxalbania.org\/2026\/wp-content\/themes\/orthodoxalbania-agent-6\/assets\/social-share-official-logo-v0528.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"630\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Kisha Orthodhokse\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:title\" content=\"Orthodox Autocephalous Church of Albania\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:description\" content=\"Life, faith and witness of the Orthodox Church in Albania.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:image\" content=\"https:\/\/orthodoxalbania.org\/2026\/wp-content\/themes\/orthodoxalbania-agent-6\/assets\/social-share-official-logo-v0528.png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Kisha Orthodhokse\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"30 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/orthodoxalbania.org\/2026\/2020\/04\/04\/joan-kukuzeli-mjeshtri-i-madh-i-muzikes-bizantine\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/orthodoxalbania.org\/2026\/2020\/04\/04\/joan-kukuzeli-mjeshtri-i-madh-i-muzikes-bizantine\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Kisha Orthodhokse\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/orthodoxalbania.org\/2026\/#\/schema\/person\/0c387634a7063ac612d7ed9ce71c7e86\"},\"headline\":\"Joan Kukuzeli Mjeshtri i madh i Muzik\u00ebs Bizantine\",\"datePublished\":\"2020-04-04T14:53:36+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2020-05-12T17:01:29+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/orthodoxalbania.org\/2026\/2020\/04\/04\/joan-kukuzeli-mjeshtri-i-madh-i-muzikes-bizantine\/\"},\"wordCount\":6200,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/orthodoxalbania.org\/2026\/#organization\"},\"keywords\":[\"Tekste p\u00ebr historin\u00eb e Kish\u00ebs son\u00eb\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Kisha Jon\u00eb\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/orthodoxalbania.org\/2026\/2020\/04\/04\/joan-kukuzeli-mjeshtri-i-madh-i-muzikes-bizantine\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/orthodoxalbania.org\/2026\/2020\/04\/04\/joan-kukuzeli-mjeshtri-i-madh-i-muzikes-bizantine\/\",\"name\":\"Joan Kukuzeli Mjeshtri i madh i Muzik\u00ebs Bizantine - 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