Kisha “Lindja e s\u00eb T\u00ebr\u00ebshenjt\u00ebs” ose “Sh\u00ebn Maria e Pazarit”, P\u00ebrmet<\/p>\n
Dr. Kostandinos Gjakumis, – bizantinolog
\nJoan Stratob\u00ebrdha – arkitekt<\/p>\n
P\u00ebrmbledhje<\/p>\n
Q\u00ebllimi i k\u00ebtij artikulli \u00ebsht\u00eb, t\u00eb tregoj\u00eb vlerat unike historike dhe arkitektonike t\u00eb kish\u00ebs “Lindja e s\u00eb T\u00ebr\u00ebshenjt\u00ebs”. Sipas traditave vendase, kisha u nd\u00ebrtua n\u00eb nj\u00eb periudh\u00eb t\u00eb panjohur, aty rreth viteve 1600. U pikturua m\u00eb 1814 nga Paskal Trandafili dhe midis viteve 1816 dhe 1827 u zgjerua me kontributin e Janaq Prevezhanit. Si pjes\u00eb e domosdoshme dhe e pandar\u00eb e Pazarit t\u00eb Vjet\u00ebr p\u00ebrmetar, kisha ndoqi zhvillimin e tij. Si pasoj\u00eb, ajo u rind\u00ebrtua nga themelet m\u00eb 1929 dhe u riparua mbas vitit 1941, ku p\u00ebsoi d\u00ebmtime serioze nga bombardimet e qytetit nga italian\u00ebt. M\u00eb 1967, n\u00eb koh\u00ebn e regjimit komunist, kisha u transformua n\u00eb “Sht\u00ebpi Kulture”. M\u00eb 2001, kisha iu kthye komunitetit orthodhoks, por koh\u00ebt e fundit (2003) autoritetet vendase e rimor\u00ebn at\u00eb p\u00ebr ta kthyer p\u00ebrs\u00ebri si “Sht\u00ebpi Kulture”, duke mos njohur vlerat e kish\u00ebs.<\/p>\n
Nga pamja arkitektonike transformimi i 1967-t\u00ebs i kish\u00ebs rezultoi n\u00eb nj\u00eb pakic\u00eb ndryshimesh n\u00eb struktur\u00ebn e kish\u00ebs. Pjesa lindore u zmadhua n\u00eb lart\u00ebsi, kurse murit ekzistues n\u00eb pjes\u00ebn jugore iu b\u00eb nj\u00eb shtes\u00eb. Gjithashtu nj\u00eb brez betoni, u shtua n\u00eb nj\u00eb pik\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb t\u00eb mureve t\u00eb kish\u00ebs, dritaret dhe disa hyrje t\u00eb saj u mbyll\u00ebn, dhe u hap\u00ebn t\u00eb tjera, nd\u00ebrsa pjes\u00ebt e brendshme dhe t\u00eb jashtme u modifikuan p\u00ebr nevojat e sht\u00ebpis\u00eb s\u00eb kultur\u00ebs. Megjithat\u00eb, del qart\u00eb se, n\u00ebn k\u00ebt\u00eb q\u00eb duket sot si nj\u00eb sht\u00ebpi kulture, n\u00eb realitet ndodhet nj\u00eb kish\u00eb me vler\u00eb t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb, jo vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr historin\u00eb, por edhe p\u00ebr arkitektur\u00ebn e saj. Kisha, pas Shpalljes s\u00eb Pavar\u00ebsis\u00eb (1912) si nj\u00eb lloj reagimi ndaj kufizimeve t\u00eb ligjit osman mbi aktivitetin nd\u00ebrtimor kishtar, paraqet vullnetin e popullit p\u00ebrmetar p\u00ebr t\u00eb konstruktuar nj\u00eb kish\u00eb madh\u00ebshtore, duke imituar modelet paleokristiane. Kjo zgjidhje arkitektonike mund t\u00eb gjendet n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi n\u00ebp\u00ebr qytete ballkanike t\u00eb tjera, por n\u00eb kontekstin e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb mjaft e rrall\u00eb, sepse nd\u00ebrtimet kishtare n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb periudh\u00eb nuk konsideroheshin monumente kulture dhe n\u00eb shumic\u00ebn e rasteve u shkat\u00ebrruan nga regjimi komunist.<\/p>\n
Si p\u00ebrfundim, kisha e Lindjes s\u00eb t\u00eb T\u00ebr\u00ebshenjt\u00ebs n\u00eb Pazarin e Vjet\u00ebr t\u00eb P\u00ebrmetit duhet t\u00eb konsiderohet si nj\u00eb monument, jo vet\u00ebm i popullit vendas apo ballkanik, por n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi i pasuris\u00eb bot\u00ebrore kulturore. K\u00ebshtu, kisha duhet t\u00eb restaurohet n\u00eb vlerat e saj origjinale.<\/p>\n
1. Historia e Kish\u00ebs:<\/p>\n
Kisha e Lindjes s\u00eb T\u00ebr\u00ebshenjt\u00ebs ka qen\u00eb gjithmon\u00eb nj\u00eb pik\u00eb referimi dhe nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e pandar\u00eb e Pazarit t\u00eb Vjet\u00ebr t\u00eb P\u00ebrmetit. Esht\u00eb e pamundur, q\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb moment, t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktojm\u00eb dat\u00ebn e themelimit t\u00eb qytetit. Megjithat\u00eb, P\u00ebrmeti si qytet \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrmendur n\u00eb burimet osmane t\u00eb shek. t\u00eb XV-t\u00eb si nj\u00eb qend\u00ebr administrative. Q\u00eb at\u00ebher\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb i mundur gjurmimi i zhvillimit t\u00eb tij, n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb popullsis\u00eb, t\u00eb nxjerra nga burimet me besueshm\u00ebri relative*.<\/p>\n
Zhvillimi i popullsis\u00eb s\u00eb qytetit t\u00eb P\u00ebrmetit:<\/p>\n
Sipas regjistrimit osman t\u00eb tokave t\u00eb vitit 1431\/32, numri i sht\u00ebpive (haneve) 42 hane (2-3 sht\u00ebpi p\u00ebr \u00e7do hane), t\u00eb krishter\u00eb 42, mysliman\u00eb asnj\u00eb. Sipas regjistrimit osman t\u00eb taksave t\u00eb vitit 1582 kishte 125 hane, 125 t\u00eb krishter\u00eb, mysliman\u00eb asnj\u00eb. N\u00eb vitin 1768 kishte 3000 banor\u00eb, t\u00eb krishter\u00eb 1500 dhe mysliman\u00eb 1500. N\u00eb vitin 1829 kishte 4-5 mij\u00eb banor\u00eb. N\u00eb vitin 1900-1912 kishte 5000 mij\u00eb banor\u00eb.<\/p>\n
Pazari i Vjet\u00ebr i P\u00ebrmetit p\u00ebrmendet p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb n\u00eb burimet osmane t\u00eb shek. t\u00eb XVI-t\u00eb2. Q\u00eb at\u00ebher\u00eb, ka patur nj\u00eb munges\u00eb informacionesh rreth tij deri n\u00eb shek. e XIX-t\u00eb, q\u00eb kur kemi t\u00eb dh\u00ebna konkrete n\u00eb dispozicionin ton\u00eb. Sipas k\u00ebtyre t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, Pazari i Vjet\u00ebr m\u00eb 1830-1840 ka patur 100 dyqane. N\u00eb fund t\u00eb shek. t\u00eb XIX-t\u00eb pati nj\u00eb zhvillim t\u00eb konsideruesh\u00ebm; at\u00ebher\u00eb num\u00ebroheshin 180-183 dyqane3. Nd\u00ebrmjet 1900 dhe 1912 Pazari i Vjet\u00ebr kishte 190 dyqane4. Pazari i Vjet\u00ebr shpesh vuajti shkat\u00ebrrime t\u00eb shkaktuara nga zjarri (1865-1870, 7 korrik 1943, 9 tetor 1943, 28 janar 1944 dhe 11 qershor 1944)5. Si pasoj\u00eb sot nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb ruajtur asgj\u00eb nga Pazari i Vjet\u00ebr, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 kish\u00ebs s\u00eb tij. Prandaj, kjo kish\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e vetmja pjes\u00eb e Pazarit t\u00eb Vjet\u00ebr q\u00eb ka mbijetuar deri n\u00eb dit\u00ebt tona.<\/p>\n
Kisha e Lindjes s\u00eb T\u00ebr\u00ebshenjt\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb e vendosur n\u00eb pjes\u00ebn lindore t\u00eb Pazarit t\u00eb Vjet\u00ebr n\u00eb P\u00ebrmet6, n\u00eb nj\u00eb lagje t\u00eb quajtur “lagjja e Qoshkut dhe e Lumit”. Kjo lagje \u00ebsht\u00eb e vendosur n\u00eb pjes\u00ebn lindore t\u00eb bregut t\u00eb lumit t\u00eb Vjos\u00ebs. Lagjja ishte quajtur sipas nj\u00eb “Qoshke” e cila ka qen\u00eb e nd\u00ebrtuar n\u00eb pjes\u00ebn per\u00ebndimore t\u00eb vendit t\u00eb kish\u00ebs dhe p\u00ebrdorej nga krer\u00ebt e vendit si nj\u00eb vend mbledhjeje me qeveritar\u00eb zyrtar\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb bashk\u00ebbiseduar rreth \u00e7\u00ebshtjeve t\u00eb ndryshme. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb arsye sheshi i kish\u00ebs quhej “sheshi i hyqymetit” (i administrat\u00ebs), n\u00eb t\u00eb cilin funksiononin, zyrat e n\u00ebn-prefektur\u00ebs, e kadastr\u00ebs dhe gjyqi lokal. Ky vend i Asambles\u00eb u shkat\u00ebrrua plot\u00ebsisht nga zjarri rreth viteve 1865-18707. N\u00eb nj\u00eb dor\u00ebshkrim t\u00eb shkruar prej nj\u00eb banori t\u00eb moshuar nga P\u00ebrmeti, p\u00ebrmendet se dikur kambana e kish\u00ebs p\u00ebrdorej p\u00ebr sahatin e Pazarit dhe vet\u00ebm n\u00eb vitin 1913 iu rikthye kish\u00ebs. Si\u00e7 do t\u00eb shohim m\u00eb posht\u00eb, kisha e Lindjes s\u00eb t\u00eb T\u00ebr\u00ebshenjt\u00ebs ka qen\u00eb nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e nevojshme dhe e pandar\u00eb e historis\u00eb s\u00eb Pazarit t\u00eb Vjet\u00ebr.<\/p>\n
Sipas Taqi Kristos kisha e s\u00eb T\u00ebr\u00ebshenjt\u00ebs n\u00eb Pazar ishte kisha m\u00eb e vjet\u00ebr brenda qytetit t\u00eb P\u00ebrmetit8. Tempulli9 p\u00ebrmendet n\u00eb sh\u00ebnimet e kodikut t\u00eb Mitropolis\u00eb s\u00eb Kor\u00e7\u00ebs10. Themelet e tij ishin b\u00ebr\u00eb me kontributin e Zoto Lolit nga P\u00ebrmeti n\u00eb nj\u00eb periudh\u00eb t\u00eb rrezikshme dhe trazirash, sipas Stilian Adhamit, p\u00ebr arsye t\u00eb kund\u00ebrv\u00ebnies s\u00eb ashp\u00ebr t\u00eb fanatik\u00ebve mysliman\u00eb. M\u00eb 1814-t\u00ebn, gjat\u00eb sundimit t\u00eb Ali Pash\u00eb Tepelen\u00ebs kisha u pikturua nga Paskal Trandafili, banor i Rupsh\u00ebs s\u00eb Pogonit, me patronazhin (= kontributin dhe kujdesin) e Janaq Prevezhanit. N\u00eb mbishkrimin p\u00ebrkat\u00ebs, q\u00eb u botua i p\u00ebrkthyer shqip, lexohet: “O Zot, ndihmo sh\u00ebrb\u00ebtorin t\u00ebnd Janaq Prevezhani”11. M\u00eb von\u00eb gjat\u00eb viteve t\u00eb kryeprift\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb Meletit, Mitropolitit t\u00eb Kor\u00e7\u00ebs (1816-1827)12 kisha u zgjerua n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet kontributeve t\u00eb mbledhura nga banor\u00ebt vendas, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt jetonin e punonin si tregtar\u00eb dhe zejtar\u00eb n\u00eb Pazarin e Vjet\u00ebr t\u00eb P\u00ebrmetit. Kisha e Lindjes s\u00eb t\u00eb T\u00ebr\u00ebshenjt\u00ebs u nd\u00ebrtua tek Pazari i Vjet\u00ebr, q\u00eb t’u sh\u00ebrbente n\u00eb nevojat shpirt\u00ebrore zejtar\u00ebve dhe tregtar\u00ebve t\u00eb krishter\u00eb, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt jetonin me familjet e tyre n\u00eb lagjet jo t\u00eb krishtera t\u00eb qytetit.<\/p>\n
Me kalimin e koh\u00ebs, kisha nuk ngeli e paprekur. P\u00ebr t\u00eb plot\u00ebsuar m\u00eb mir\u00eb nevojat e banor\u00ebve t\u00eb krishter\u00eb vendas e ndjen\u00eb t\u00eb nevojshme t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtonin nj\u00eb kish\u00eb t\u00eb re me p\u00ebrmasa m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha m\u00eb 192913. Por duket se ambiciet tejkaluan fondet n\u00eb dispozicion. Kjo faz\u00eb konstruktive tregohet n\u00eb dy fotografi t\u00eb vjetra, e para p\u00ebrpara p\u00ebrfundimit, m\u00eb 1930-t\u00ebn, e dyta pas tij. Sipas nj\u00eb dokumenti, n\u00eb vitin 1941, pas bombardimeve t\u00eb qytetit t\u00eb P\u00ebrmetit nga forcat italiane, kisha p\u00ebsoi d\u00ebme t\u00eb konsiderueshme14. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb arsye, tempulli p\u00ebsoi nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr faz\u00eb konstruktive, k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb u zgjerua m\u00eb tej dhe mori form\u00ebn e sotme, q\u00eb duket posht\u00eb shtesave q\u00eb iu b\u00ebn\u00eb atij, me q\u00ebllim q\u00eb t\u00eb funksiononte si “Sht\u00ebpi Kulture”. Prandaj n\u00eb shek. XX u dha p\u00ebrshtypja se kjo nd\u00ebrtes\u00eb ka qen\u00eb gjithmon\u00eb karabina duke mos patur ndonj\u00eb vler\u00eb kulturore apo historike15, k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb regjimi komunist e ktheu at\u00eb n\u00eb sht\u00ebpi kulture.<\/p>\n
Stilian Adhami, kontributit t\u00eb t\u00eb cilit i detyrohemi shum\u00eb, p\u00ebr shkak se mblodhi shum\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebna, q\u00eb i p\u00ebrkasin historis\u00eb s\u00eb kish\u00ebs s\u00eb t\u00eb T\u00ebr\u00ebshenjt\u00ebs n\u00eb Pazarin e Vjet\u00ebr t\u00eb P\u00ebrmetit, duket se nuk ka qen\u00eb i informuar p\u00ebr sa i p\u00ebrket faktit q\u00eb “Sht\u00ebpia e Kultur\u00ebs”, q\u00eb ka funksionuar n\u00eb sheshin e kish\u00ebs, ishte ve\u00e7se nj\u00eb transformim i thjesht\u00eb dhe jo i gjer\u00eb i kish\u00ebs s\u00eb re. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb arsye ai i referohet kish\u00ebs m\u00eb shum\u00eb si nj\u00eb toponim sesa si monument; prandaj shkruan: “si toponim p\u00ebrfshinte zon\u00ebn prapa dyqaneve t\u00eb Pazarit t\u00eb Vjet\u00ebr, pak a shum\u00eb rreth truallit ku \u00ebsht\u00eb nd\u00ebrtuar” Sht\u00ebpia e Kultur\u00ebs”. I nj\u00ebjti autor pranoi se t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e vetme nga kisha, q\u00eb mund t’i sh\u00ebrbenin historis\u00eb dhe ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht historis\u00eb s\u00eb artit jan\u00eb emrat e ktitorit dhe t\u00eb patronit (= t\u00eb sponsor\u00ebve) dhe t\u00eb piktor\u00ebve t\u00eb tempullit n\u00eb shek. XIX, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt nuk paraqiten n\u00eb asnj\u00eb vend tjet\u00ebr t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. Faktet q\u00eb na dha vet\u00eb Adhami n\u00eb botimet e tij tregojn\u00eb vlerat e kish\u00ebs, t\u00eb cilat jan\u00eb t\u00eb nevojshme dhe t\u00eb pandara s\u00eb bashku me kujtimet historike t\u00eb Pazarit t\u00eb Vjet\u00ebr n\u00eb P\u00ebrmet.<\/p>\n
(vijon n\u00eb numrin e ardhsh\u00ebm)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Studim akademik nga bizantinologu Kostandinos Gjakumis dhe arkitekti Joan Stratob\u00ebrdha mbi vlerat historike dhe arkitektonike t\u00eb kish\u00ebs ‘Lindja e s\u00eb T\u00ebr\u00ebshenjt\u00ebs’ n\u00eb P\u00ebrmet. Trajton historin\u00eb e nd\u00ebrtimit (rreth 1600), pikturimin nga Paskal Trandafili m\u00eb 1814, zgjerimet, d\u00ebmtimet nga bombardimet italiane m\u00eb 1941, transformimin n\u00eb Sht\u00ebpi Kulture m\u00eb 1967 dhe rikthimin m\u00eb 2001.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"nentitulli":"","numri":"4 (124)","viti":"2003","muaji":"Prill","muaji_numer":"4","dita":"","faqet":"[5, 6]","fjale_kyce":"[\"Sh\u00ebn Maria e Pazarit\", \"P\u00ebrmet\", \"Pazari i Vjet\u00ebr\", \"Paskal Trandafili\", \"Janaq Prevezhani\", \"Ali Pash\u00eb Tepelena\", \"Stilian Adhami\", \"Mitropoliti Meleti\", \"Kostandinos Gjakumis\", \"arkitektur\u00eb kishtare\", \"monument kulture\"]","permbledhje":"Studim akademik nga bizantinologu Kostandinos Gjakumis dhe arkitekti Joan Stratob\u00ebrdha mbi vlerat historike dhe arkitektonike t\u00eb kish\u00ebs 'Lindja e s\u00eb T\u00ebr\u00ebshenjt\u00ebs' n\u00eb P\u00ebrmet. Trajton historin\u00eb e nd\u00ebrtimit (rreth 1600), pikturimin nga Paskal Trandafili m\u00eb 1814, zgjerimet, d\u00ebmtimet nga bombardimet italiane m\u00eb 1941, transformimin n\u00eb Sht\u00ebpi Kulture m\u00eb 1967 dhe rikthimin m\u00eb 2001.","autori":"Dr. Kostandinos Gjakumis (bizantinolog), Joan Stratob\u00ebrdha (arkitekt)","kategoria":"Histori e arkitektur\u00eb kishtare","kryeredaktor":"Thoma Dhima"},"ngjallja_kategoria":[10986],"ngjallja_autori":[10987],"ngjallja_viti":[10935],"ngjallja_kryeredaktor":[9473],"class_list":["post-86158","ngjallja_article","type-ngjallja_article","status-publish","hentry","ngjallja_kategoria-histori-e-arkitekture-kishtare","ngjallja_autori-dr-kostandinos-gjakumis-bizantinolog-joan-stratoberdha-arkitekt","ngjallja_viti-10935","ngjallja_kryeredaktor-thoma-dhima"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n