SHKAKTARET<\/p>\n
Esht\u00eb s\u00ebmundje e rrug\u00ebve t\u00eb poshtme t\u00eb frym\u00ebmarrjes. Ka natyr\u00eb infektive dhe shkaktohet nga mikrobe, si pneumokoku, stafilokoku, si dhe nga viruse e myke. Shpesh vjen si pasoj\u00eb e nj\u00eb gripi ose pas kalimit t\u00eb nj\u00eb s\u00ebmundjeje tjet\u00ebr infektive. Esht\u00eb mjaft e shpesht\u00eb tek f\u00ebmij\u00ebt, sidomos n\u00eb vitet e para t\u00eb jet\u00ebs. Sa m\u00eb i vog\u00ebl t\u00eb jet\u00eb f\u00ebmija, aq m\u00eb i preksh\u00ebm \u00ebsht\u00eb e aq’ m\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00eb e kalon s\u00ebmundjen, sepse forcat mbrojt\u00ebse (imunobiologjike) tek f\u00ebmij\u00ebt e vegj\u00ebl nuk jan\u00eb formuar plot\u00ebsisht. Takohet m\u00eb shpesh n\u00eb stin\u00ebt e ftohta dhe me lag\u00ebshtir\u00eb.<\/p>\n
S\u00ebmundjen e favorizojn\u00eb edhe kushtet jo t\u00eb mira t\u00eb mjedisit, si: higjiena e pak\u00ebt, ajrosja e mang\u00ebt, ngrohja e \u00e7rregullt me ndryshime t\u00eb temperaturave, ftohja e trupit, t\u00eb ushqyerit jo t\u00eb rregullt. T\u00eb predispozuar jan\u00eb f\u00ebmij\u00ebt q\u00eb vuajn\u00eb nga rakiti dhe distrofia, si dhe ata q\u00eb jan\u00eb pastoz\u00eb.<\/p>\n
ZHVILLIMI I SEMUNDJES<\/p>\n
Bronkopneumonia te f\u00ebmij\u00ebt e vegj\u00ebl, sidomos n\u00eb ata t\u00eb mosh\u00ebs s\u00eb gjirit, n\u00eb fillim shfaqet me shenja t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebshme: f\u00ebmija grindet, i \u00e7rregullohet gjumi, ka munges\u00eb oreksi, rrjedhje t\u00eb sekrecioneve nga hund\u00ebt, pak koll\u00eb dhe temperature jo t\u00eb lart\u00eb. M\u00eb pas s\u00ebmundja gradualisht kalon n\u00eb shenja t\u00eb plota. Temperatura rritet, kolla shtohet e shpesh shoq\u00ebrohet me bark e t\u00eb vjella. N\u00eb rast se mjekimi s’fillon n\u00eb koh\u00eb, r\u00ebndohet gjendja e p\u00ebrgjithshme: v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsohet frym\u00ebmarrja (q\u00eb f\u00ebmija t\u00eb ngopet me frym\u00eb, v\u00eb n\u00eb l\u00ebvizje gjith\u00eb muskujt e kraharorit), duket i lodhur, i zbeht\u00eb, buz\u00ebt, i rrethohen me nj\u00eb rreth blu nga mosoksigjenimi i mir\u00eb i gjakut, syt\u00eb i rrethohen me rreth t\u00eb zi. N\u00eb k\u00ebto raste shtrimi n\u00eb spital \u00ebsht\u00eb i domosdosh\u00ebm p\u00ebr nj\u00eb trajtim m\u00eb t\u00eb kualifikuar.<\/p>\n
KUJDESI PER FEMIJET E SEMURE<\/p>\n
Kur f\u00ebmija mjekohet n\u00eb sht\u00ebpi, duhet t\u00eb vihet n\u00ebn nj\u00eb kujdes t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb dhe mjekimi t\u00eb b\u00ebhet i rregullt, duke zbatuar me p\u00ebrpikm\u00ebri k\u00ebshillat e mjekut. T\u00eb krijohen kushte t\u00eb mira t\u00eb mjedisit. Dhoma t\u00eb jet\u00eb e ndri\u00e7uar p\u00ebr t\u00eb kontrolluar gjendjen e f\u00ebmij\u00ebs, t\u00eb ajroset her\u00eb pas here, temperatura e dhom\u00ebs t\u00eb jet\u00eb 18-20 grad\u00eb, t\u00eb lag\u00ebshtohet ajri me aerozol ose duke vendosur nj\u00eb en\u00eb me uj\u00eb q\u00eb zien. Dhoma t\u00eb pastrohet pa ngritur pluhur. Banjat e p\u00ebrgjithshme me uj\u00eb t\u00eb ngroht\u00eb t\u00eb mos i nd\u00ebrpriten f\u00ebmij\u00ebs. Higjiena e fytyr\u00ebs, duarve dhe organeve t\u00eb jasht\u00ebqitjes t\u00eb jet\u00eb e mir\u00eb. Ushqimi t\u00eb jepet n\u00eb sasi e me cil\u00ebsi, sipas mosh\u00ebs dhe i pasur n\u00eb vitamina. Veshja t\u00eb jet\u00eb e ngroht\u00eb, e leht\u00eb, e lirshme dhe t\u00eb mos formoj\u00eb pala n\u00ebn trupin e f\u00ebmij\u00ebs. F\u00ebmij\u00ebs t’i ndryshohet pozicioni n\u00eb krevat dhe her\u00eb pas here t\u00eb mbahet n\u00eb krah.<\/p>\n
MJEKIMI<\/p>\n
N\u00eb mjekimin e bronkopneumonis\u00eb vendin kryesor e z\u00ebn\u00eb antibiotik\u00ebt. Mir\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb, q\u00eb m\u00eb par\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebhet antibiograma, t\u00eb izolohet mikrobi, q\u00eb e ka shkaktuar dhe t\u00eb gjendet antibiotiku q\u00eb vepron m\u00eb mir\u00eb, por kjo k\u00ebrkon koh\u00eb.<\/p>\n
Mjekimi mb\u00ebshtetet n\u00eb gjendjen e p\u00ebrgjithshme t\u00eb f\u00ebmij\u00ebs, n\u00eb shenjat klinike, n\u00eb mosh\u00ebn dhe r\u00ebnd\u00ebsin\u00eb e s\u00ebmundjes. Sot antibiotik\u00ebt, q\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb shumt\u00eb dhe me veprim t\u00eb gj\u00ebr\u00eb, shpesh p\u00ebrdoren t\u00eb kombinuar. N\u00eb bronkopneumonin\u00eb me origjin\u00eb mikotike p\u00ebrdoren suposte paracetamol e medikamente p\u00ebr zbutjen e koll\u00ebs dhe lirimin e hund\u00ebve. T\u00eb domosdoshme jan\u00eb vitaminat C dhe kompleksi i vitaminave B. Te f\u00ebmij\u00ebt rakitik\u00eb t\u00eb aplikohet vitamina D. F\u00ebmija duhet t\u00eb kontrollohet \u00e7do dy dit\u00eb nga mjeku pediat\u00ebr.<\/p>\n
Bronkopneumonia \u00ebsht\u00eb s\u00ebmundje krejt\u00ebsisht e sh\u00ebrueshme, por duhet t\u00eb b\u00ebhet kujdes, sepse mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrs\u00ebritet ose t\u00eb l\u00ebr\u00eb komplikacione, si n\u00eb organet e frym\u00ebmarrjes, ashtu dhe n\u00eb organe t\u00eb tjera, si: infeksione t\u00eb veshit ose t\u00eb rrug\u00ebve urinare.<\/p>\n
MASAT PARANDALUESE MBROJTESE<\/p>\n
F\u00ebmija t\u00eb mos mbahet n\u00eb mjedise ku ka t\u00eb s\u00ebmur\u00eb me bronkopneumoni ose s\u00ebmundje t\u00eb tjera infektive. F\u00ebmij\u00ebt e s\u00ebmur\u00eb me rruf\u00eb, grip ose s\u00ebmundje infektive duhet t\u00eb mjekohen me kujdes. T\u00eb kujdesemi, q\u00eb hund\u00ebt e f\u00ebmij\u00ebs s\u00eb vog\u00ebl t\u00eb jen\u00eb gjithmon\u00eb t\u00eb lira, duke p\u00ebrdorur solucion fiziologjik me pika. Por te f\u00ebmij\u00ebt e gjirit asnj\u00ebher\u00eb nuk duhet t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoren solucione vajore, mbasi vet\u00eb ato b\u00ebhen shkak p\u00ebr fillimin e bronkopneumonis\u00eb. T\u00eb tregohet kujdes p\u00ebr higjen\u00ebn e mjedisit, t\u00eb trupit, p\u00ebr ushqimin e f\u00ebmij\u00ebs, si dhe p\u00ebr vitaminizimin.<\/p>\n
R\u00ebnd\u00ebsi ka dhe kalitja e f\u00ebmij\u00ebs. Kujdesi p\u00ebr kalitjen e tij fillon q\u00eb dit\u00ebt e para t\u00eb lindjes. F\u00ebmij\u00ebn e porsalindur duhet ta veshim me rroba t\u00eb p\u00ebrshtatshme dhe asnj\u00ebher\u00eb t\u00eb mos e lidhim apo ta mb\u00ebshtjellim. Duart dhe k\u00ebmb\u00ebt t’i ket\u00eb t\u00eb lira. Banjat me uj\u00eb t\u00eb ngroht\u00eb t\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb trupit t\u00eb jen\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrditshme mbas r\u00ebnies s\u00eb k\u00ebrthiz\u00ebs. T\u00eb dobishme jan\u00eb banjat e ajrit, q\u00eb zakonisht b\u00ebhen para banj\u00ebs me uj\u00eb. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb f\u00ebmija zhvishet komplet dhe mbahet k\u00ebshtu p\u00ebr nj\u00eb koh\u00eb, duke i b\u00ebr\u00eb masazhe t\u00eb lehta p\u00ebrk\u00ebdhel\u00ebse n\u00eb muskujt e gjith\u00eb trupit. N\u00eb dim\u00ebr kjo b\u00ebhet n\u00eb dhom\u00eb t\u00eb ngroht\u00eb, kurse n\u00eb ver\u00eb jasht\u00eb n\u00eb natyr\u00eb. Sh\u00ebtitjet n\u00eb aj\u00ebr t\u00eb past\u00ebr fillojn\u00eb, gjithashtu q\u00eb n\u00eb dit\u00ebt e para pas lindjes. N\u00eb fillim f\u00ebmija nxirret vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb minut\u00eb, duke rritur gradualisht koh\u00ebzgjatjen. Gjat\u00eb sh\u00ebtitjeve n\u00eb dim\u00ebr f\u00ebmij\u00ebs mund t’i vendoset n\u00eb kok\u00eb kapu\u00e7 dhe dorashka, por nuk i duhen z\u00ebn\u00eb hund\u00ebt dhe goja me shall. N\u00eb stin\u00ebt pa diell b\u00ebhet profilaksia me vitamin\u00eb D, p\u00ebr parandalimin e rakitit. F\u00ebmija i sh\u00ebndetsh\u00ebm dhe i kalitur \u00ebsht\u00eb mjaft i mbrojtur nga bronkopneumonia dhe s\u00ebmundje t\u00eb tjera.<\/p>\n
ZHANETA BOROVA
\nmjeke pediatre<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Artikull mjek\u00ebsor i mjekes pediatre Zhaneta Borova mbi bronkopneumonin\u00eb tek f\u00ebmij\u00ebt: shkaqet, zhvillimin e s\u00ebmundjes, kujdesin p\u00ebr f\u00ebmij\u00ebn n\u00eb sht\u00ebpi, mjekimin me antibiotik\u00eb dhe masat parandaluese.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"nentitulli":"Mjeku pran\u00eb jush","numri":"2 (53)","viti":"1997","muaji":"Shkurt","muaji_numer":"2","dita":"","faqet":"[4]","fjale_kyce":"[\"bronkopneumoni\", \"f\u00ebmij\u00eb\", \"pediatri\", \"antibiotik\u00eb\", \"infeksione\", \"vitamina D\", \"rakit\", \"frym\u00ebmarrje\", \"parandalim\", \"higjen\u00eb\"]","permbledhje":"Artikull mjek\u00ebsor i mjekes pediatre Zhaneta Borova mbi bronkopneumonin\u00eb tek f\u00ebmij\u00ebt: shkaqet, zhvillimin e s\u00ebmundjes, kujdesin p\u00ebr f\u00ebmij\u00ebn n\u00eb sht\u00ebpi, mjekimin me antibiotik\u00eb dhe masat parandaluese.","autori":"Zhaneta Borova, mjeke pediatre","kategoria":"Mjek\u00ebsi \/ Sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsi","kryeredaktor":""},"ngjallja_kategoria":[10232],"ngjallja_autori":[10233],"ngjallja_viti":[10219],"ngjallja_kryeredaktor":[],"class_list":["post-83977","ngjallja_article","type-ngjallja_article","status-publish","hentry","ngjallja_kategoria-mjekesi-shendetesi","ngjallja_autori-zhaneta-borova-mjeke-pediatre","ngjallja_viti-10219"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n