Si llogaritet data e Pashk\u00ebs<\/p>\n
Pashka, e cila kremton Ngjalljen e Zotit dhe Shp\u00ebtimtarit Ton\u00eb, Jisu Krisht, \u00ebsht\u00eb ngjarja themelore e besimit t\u00eb krishter\u00eb dhe formon qendr\u00ebn e \u00e7do kremtimi liturgjikal. N\u00eb dit\u00ebn e dokumentave t\u00eb shekullit II shihet nj\u00eb kremtim vjetor i Pashk\u00ebs nga Bashk\u00ebsia Apostolike. Shum\u00eb sugjerime n\u00eb Dhiat\u00ebn e Re dhe faktet q\u00eb rrethojn\u00eb mosmarr\u00ebveshjet paskale t\u00eb shek. II tregojn\u00eb qart\u00eb q\u00eb kremtimi i krishter\u00eb i vdekjes dhe ngjalljes s\u00eb Zotit ishte i lidhur ngusht\u00eb me festimin hebraik t\u00eb pashk\u00ebs.<\/p>\n
Por, kur kremtohej Pashka Hebraike (Nomikon Phaska)? Sipas Ligjit t\u00eb Moisiut (Egz. 12:1-20, 43-50), Pashka binte p\u00ebr vit n\u00eb muajin Aviv, ose n\u00eb sezonin pranveror (d.m.th. Nisan, Mars-Prill) i cili ishte muaji i par\u00eb i vitit. Hebrejt\u00eb, ashtu si shum\u00eb popujt t\u00eb tjer\u00eb t\u00eb vjet\u00ebr, p\u00ebrdornin kalendar h\u00ebnor, i cili duke u krahasuar me kalendarin diellor ka mangut rreth 11 dit\u00eb. P\u00ebr t\u00eb rregulluar k\u00ebt\u00eb munges\u00eb ata i shtonin kalendarit h\u00ebnor nj\u00eb muaj t\u00eb tremb\u00ebdhjet\u00eb, i quajtur Abari i Dyt\u00eb, i cili ishte mbas muajit t\u00eb Adarit, q\u00eb paraprinte Nisanin. Kalendari Hebraik u rregullua p\u00ebrfundimisht rreth vitit 360 pas Krishtit. Elementet q\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebjn\u00eb kalendarin hebraik jan\u00eb po ato elemente universale t\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb kalendareve: dit\u00ebt, muajt dhe viti. Tek hebrejt\u00eb dita fillon n\u00eb mbr\u00ebmje mbas per\u00ebndimit, dhe \u00e7do muaj i ri sh\u00ebnohet me shfaqjen e h\u00ebn\u00ebs s\u00eb re. K\u00ebshtu Pashka ishte nj\u00eb fest\u00eb e l\u00ebvizshme nokturnale q\u00eb kremtohej p\u00ebrvit n\u00eb h\u00ebn\u00ebn e plot\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00eb nate t\u00eb caktuar; 14\/15 Nisan, q\u00eb sipas Filonit t\u00eb Aleksandris\u00eb p\u00ebrkonte me ekuinoksin pranveror.<\/p>\n
K\u00ebt\u00eb datim t\u00eb pashk\u00ebs hebraike e trash\u00ebgoi kisha, n\u00eb kuptimin p\u00ebr t\u00eb festuar misterin paskal t\u00eb Kryqit t\u00eb Krishtit dhe t\u00eb varrit t\u00eb zbrazur. Mosmarr\u00ebveshja paskale e shek. II, e cila e prishi unitetin e kish\u00ebs, lindi nga theksimi i ndrysh\u00ebm i dh\u00ebn\u00eb dy aspekteve t\u00eb misterit paskal nga bashk\u00ebsit\u00eb e ndryshme t\u00eb krishtera. N\u00eb nj\u00eb an\u00eb, kishat e Azis\u00eb s\u00eb Vog\u00ebl theksonin vdekjen \u00e7lirimtare t\u00eb Zotit t\u00eb ngjallur, dhe mbronin t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn p\u00ebr ta kremtuar Pashk\u00ebn dit\u00ebn e 14-t\u00eb t\u00eb muajit Nisan, pa marr\u00eb parasysh se \u00e7far\u00eb dite e jav\u00ebs ishte, duke argumentuar q\u00eb kjo ishte nj\u00eb tradit\u00eb e lasht\u00eb. Sepse kishat e Azis\u00eb s\u00eb Vog\u00ebl e shikonin Pashk\u00ebn t\u00eb lidhur me Kryq\u00ebzimin, i cili ndodhi n\u00eb 14 Nisan. Kishat e tjera thoshin q\u00eb Tradita Apostolike i jepte m\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi varrit t\u00eb zbrazur dhe insistonin q\u00eb festa e Pashk\u00ebs duhej kremtuar vet\u00ebm n\u00eb t\u00eb diel\u00ebn q\u00eb pason Pashk\u00ebn Hebraike. Ky kremtim, argumentonin ato, ishte i p\u00ebrshtatsh\u00ebm, sepse edhe Zoti vet\u00eb u ngjall “dit\u00ebn e par\u00eb t\u00eb jav\u00ebs”, dhe kisha q\u00eb prej fillimit te saj e kremton \u00e7do t\u00eb diel\u00eb me nj\u00eb asamble eukaristike n\u00eb nderim t\u00eb Ngjalljes. N\u00eb greqisht e diela quhet “Qiriaqi” – dita e Zotit, po ashtu edhe latinisht, nga ku edhe sot gjuh\u00ebt neolatine e quajn\u00eb dita e Zotit (Domenica – Domnus). Kjo mosmarr\u00ebveshje u quajt Kuartodecima (t\u00eb kat\u00ebrmb\u00ebdhjet\u00ebt).<\/p>\n
Duke caktuar dit\u00ebn e Pashk\u00ebs, kisha e vjet\u00ebr vazhdoi ta lidhte at\u00eb me pashk\u00ebn hebraike. Sidomos t\u00eb krishter\u00ebt e par\u00eb e kuptuan si shum\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm nj\u00eb element karakteristik t\u00eb kremtimit paskal: q\u00eb duhet t\u00eb jet\u00eb n\u00eb h\u00ebn\u00ebn e plot\u00eb t\u00eb pranver\u00ebs (ekuinoksi pranveror). Duke theksuar k\u00ebt\u00eb detaj t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm n\u00eb llogaritjen e fest\u00ebs s\u00eb Pashk\u00ebs, kisha u sigurua q\u00eb kremtimi vjetor i Ngjalljes nuk mund t\u00eb ndodh\u00eb dy her\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb vit.<\/p>\n
N\u00eb shekullin e tret\u00eb, t\u00eb krishter\u00ebt dhe sidomos ata t\u00eb Aleksandris\u00eb, nj\u00eb qend\u00ebr e madhe e kultur\u00ebs dhe dituris\u00eb s\u00eb bot\u00ebs s\u00eb vjet\u00ebr, filluan t\u00eb shihnin difekte n\u00eb kalendarin hebraik dhe filluan t\u00eb distancoheshin nga var\u00ebsia n\u00eb kalendarin judaik p\u00ebr caktimin e Pashk\u00ebs. Vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb num\u00ebr i vog\u00ebl t\u00eb krishter\u00ebsh nga Siria, Mesopotamia dhe Qilikia ndoq\u00ebn kalendarin judaik dhe k\u00ebta skizmatik\u00eb u quajt\u00ebn protopashkit\u00eb.<\/p>\n
I pari q\u00eb hartoi nj\u00eb tabel\u00eb matematikore, t\u00eb quajtur “cikli paskal” ose “paskalia”, me an\u00eb t\u00eb s\u00eb cil\u00ebs data e pashk\u00ebs caktohej p\u00ebr nj\u00eb cik\u00ebl 16 vje\u00e7ar, ishte Hipoliti i Rom\u00ebs (+222). M\u00eb von\u00eb, n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtin shekull, Augustali hartoi nj\u00eb cik\u00ebl 84-vje\u00e7ar m\u00eb t\u00eb sakt\u00eb, i cili u pranua nga t\u00eb gjitha kishat e tjera t\u00eb per\u00ebndimit n\u00eb dekadat e para t\u00eb shek. IV. Nj\u00eb cik\u00ebl paskal akoma m\u00eb t\u00eb sakt\u00eb e b\u00ebri matematicieni i famsh\u00ebm aleksandrian dhe m\u00eb von\u00eb peshkop i Laodiqes\u00eb, Anatoli (268). Cikli i tij paskal prej 19 vitesh ishte bazuar n\u00eb llogaritjen h\u00ebnore dhe diellore t\u00eb astronom\u00ebve grek\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebparsh\u00ebm; dhe ky ishte cikli q\u00eb u adoptua nga t\u00eb gjitha kishat e Lindjes.<\/p>\n
Megjith\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb p\u00ebrparim, akoma nuk ishte gjetur nj\u00eb zgjidhje p\u00ebr nj\u00eb dit\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt p\u00ebr kremtimin e Pashk\u00ebs. Adoptimi i dy cikleve t\u00eb ndrysh\u00ebm n\u00eb Lindje dhe n\u00eb Per\u00ebndim, caktimi i datave t\u00eb ndryshme p\u00ebr ekuinoksin pranveror, si edhe indiferenca n\u00eb Per\u00ebndim p\u00ebr koh\u00ebn e kremtimit t\u00eb Pashk\u00ebs judaike, shkaktonte kremtimin e fest\u00ebs n\u00eb t\u00eb diela t\u00eb ndryshme. Duke i shtuar k\u00ebtyre edhe problemin Kuartodeciman dhe Protopashkit doli nevoja urgjente p\u00ebr nj\u00eb caktim p\u00ebrfundimtar t\u00eb dat\u00ebs s\u00eb Pashk\u00ebs; nj\u00eb dat\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjitha kishat.<\/p>\n
E prekur r\u00ebnd\u00eb nga mosmarr\u00ebveshjet p\u00ebr pashk\u00ebn, kisha e vjet\u00ebr k\u00ebrkoi t\u00eb gjente nj\u00eb zgjidhje p\u00ebr nj\u00eb dat\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt. N\u00eb Sinodin e Par\u00eb Ekumenik, q\u00eb u mbajt n\u00eb Niqea n\u00eb vitin 325 p\u00ebr t\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtuar herezin\u00eb e Ariosit, u shtrua edhe \u00e7\u00ebshtja e dat\u00ebs s\u00eb Pashk\u00ebs. Sinodi i dha fund debatit t\u00eb pafund rreth dat\u00ebs s\u00eb Pashk\u00ebs. Sipas nj\u00eb kanuni t\u00eb k\u00ebtij Sinodi, Pashka duhet t\u00eb kremtohet t\u00eb Diel\u00ebn e par\u00eb mbas H\u00ebn\u00ebs s\u00eb par\u00eb t\u00eb plot\u00eb q\u00eb bie mbas Ekuinoksit pranveror (q\u00eb sipas t\u00eb vjet\u00ebrve ishte n\u00eb 21 mars). P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr Sinodi shpall q\u00eb Pashka nuk duhet t\u00eb jet\u00eb para pashk\u00ebs judaike ose e nj\u00ebkohshme (14 Nisan).<\/p>\n
(Vijon n\u00eb numrin e ardhsh\u00ebm)<\/p>\n
Dhiakon Joan Pelushi<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Pjesa e par\u00eb e nj\u00eb studimi nga Dhiakon Joan Pelushi p\u00ebr historin\u00eb e llogaritjes s\u00eb dat\u00ebs s\u00eb Pashk\u00ebs: nga kalendari hebraik, mosmarr\u00ebveshjet paskale t\u00eb shek. II (Kuartodecima), zhvillimi i cikleve paskale nga Hipoliti i Rom\u00ebs dhe Anatoli i Laodiqes\u00eb, deri te vendimi i Sinodit t\u00eb Nikeas t\u00eb vitit 325.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"nentitulli":"(Pjesa I)","numri":"4 (19)","viti":"1994","muaji":"Prill","muaji_numer":"4","dita":"","faqet":"[11]","fjale_kyce":"[\"data e Pashk\u00ebs\", \"kalendar hebraik\", \"Nisan\", \"ekuinoksi pranveror\", \"Kuartodecima\", \"Sinodi i Nikeas 325\", \"cikli paskal\", \"Hipoliti i Rom\u00ebs\", \"Anatoli i Laodiqes\u00eb\", \"protopashkit\u00eb\"]","permbledhje":"Pjesa e par\u00eb e nj\u00eb studimi nga Dhiakon Joan Pelushi p\u00ebr historin\u00eb e llogaritjes s\u00eb dat\u00ebs s\u00eb Pashk\u00ebs: nga kalendari hebraik, mosmarr\u00ebveshjet paskale t\u00eb shek. II (Kuartodecima), zhvillimi i cikleve paskale nga Hipoliti i Rom\u00ebs dhe Anatoli i Laodiqes\u00eb, deri te vendimi i Sinodit t\u00eb Nikeas t\u00eb vitit 325.","autori":"Dhiakon Joan Pelushi","kategoria":"Liturgji \/ Histori kishtare","kryeredaktor":"Thoma Dhima"},"ngjallja_kategoria":[9505],"ngjallja_autori":[9457],"ngjallja_viti":[9436],"ngjallja_kryeredaktor":[9473],"class_list":["post-82883","ngjallja_article","type-ngjallja_article","status-publish","hentry","ngjallja_kategoria-liturgji-histori-kishtare","ngjallja_autori-dhiakon-joan-pelushi","ngjallja_viti-9436","ngjallja_kryeredaktor-thoma-dhima"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n