Krisht\u00ebrimi n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri gjat\u00eb shekujve V-VI<\/p>\n
Besimi i krishter\u00eb, me gjith\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsit\u00eb e rrymave heretike, mundi t\u00eb p\u00ebrhapej e t\u00eb pranohej me bindje t\u00eb plot\u00eb nga e gjith\u00eb popullsia e vendit ton\u00eb, duke arritur n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb deri n\u00eb familjet e vogla fshatare e qytetare.<\/p>\n
Si\u00e7 do t\u00eb shohim n\u00eb vazhdim, shum\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebna historike e arkeologjike tregojn\u00eb qart\u00eb se besimi i krishter\u00eb arriti nj\u00eb zhvillim shum\u00eb t\u00eb madh shpirt\u00ebror e kulturor, q\u00eb vazhdoi p\u00ebr shekuj me radh\u00eb.<\/p>\n
Iisu Krishti, jeta dhe veprat e tij t\u00eb p\u00ebrshkruara n\u00eb kat\u00ebr Ungjijt\u00eb e Shenjt\u00eb, u b\u00ebn\u00eb udh\u00ebrr\u00ebfyes t\u00eb drejt\u00eb dhe shpres\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebs n\u00eb jet\u00ebn shpirt\u00ebtore dhe pun\u00ebn e p\u00ebrditshme p\u00ebr \u00e7do t\u00eb krishter\u00eb.<\/p>\n
Institucionet fetare, gjithashtu, kan\u00eb qen\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eborganizuara e t\u00eb plot\u00ebsuara me sh\u00ebrbyes klerik\u00eb, q\u00eb arrinin deri n\u00eb rangjet m\u00eb t\u00eb larta kishtare.<\/p>\n
Nj\u00eb nga periudhat m\u00eb t\u00eb shk\u00eblqyera q\u00eb dallohet p\u00ebr nd\u00ebrtimin e kishave, t\u00eb trajtuara me madh\u00ebshtin\u00eb e monumenteve t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb t\u00eb kultit t\u00eb krishter\u00eb, q\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsohen denj\u00ebsisht edhe n\u00eb vendin ton\u00eb, \u00ebsht\u00eb, pa dyshim, periudha nd\u00ebrmjet shek. V-VI. Kulmi i zhvillimit n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e monumenteve t\u00eb krishter\u00eb, sikurse v\u00ebrtetohet nga t\u00eb dh\u00ebna historike e arkeologjike, \u00ebsht\u00eb arritur kryesisht n\u00eb koh\u00ebn e sundimit t\u00eb perandorit Justinian, i cili si\u00e7 dihet ka qen\u00eb me origjin\u00eb ilire. Vendlindja e k\u00ebtij perandori ka qen\u00eb fshati Tauris n\u00eb Dardani, i cili m\u00eb von\u00eb u b\u00eb nj\u00eb qytet i madh. K\u00ebtu u vendos Kryepiskopi i ilir\u00ebve, dhe qyteti n\u00eb at\u00eb koh\u00eb quhej Justiniana e par\u00eb.<\/p>\n
Perandori Justinian, t\u00eb cilin historia e p\u00ebrmend si nj\u00eb nga perandor\u00ebt m\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm t\u00eb Bizantit, krahas nd\u00ebrtimeve fortifikuese, nd\u00ebrtoi edhe shum\u00eb kisha madh\u00ebshtore si Sh\u00ebn Sofia n\u00eb Konstandinopol, e cila \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebmb\u00eb akoma dhe sot. Rrezatime t\u00eb dukshme t\u00eb zhvillimit t\u00eb besimit t\u00eb krishter\u00eb n\u00eb at\u00eb koh\u00eb, me qend\u00ebr n\u00eb Konstandinopol, kan\u00eb arritur edhe n\u00eb vendin ton\u00eb. Sikurse do t\u00eb shohim m\u00eb posht\u00eb, n\u00eb qytetet m\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm t\u00eb Ilirikut, besimi i krishter\u00eb ishte b\u00ebr\u00eb besimi i t\u00eb gjith\u00eb popullit dhe kisha e krishtere ishte shum\u00eb mir\u00eb e organizuar dhe tanim\u00eb e pasuruar. Ajo zinte nj\u00eb v\u00ebnd t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm e kryesor n\u00eb jet\u00ebn e popullsis\u00eb qytetare e fshatare.<\/p>\n
P\u00ebr vendin ton\u00eb, qendra kryesore e kish\u00ebs s\u00eb krishter\u00eb, gjat\u00eb shek. V-VI. ka qen\u00eb qyteti i Durr\u00ebsit, i cili n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb koh\u00eb ishte nj\u00eb qytet i fortifikuar, dhe kishte arritur nj\u00eb ekonomi shum\u00eb t\u00eb zhvilluar dhe nj\u00eb kultur\u00eb artistike t\u00eb mir\u00ebnjohur, si n\u00eb Lindje ashtu dhe n\u00eb Per\u00ebndim. Gjurm\u00ebt e v\u00ebrteta t\u00eb madh\u00ebshtis\u00eb s\u00eb k\u00ebtij qyteti jan\u00eb monumentet q\u00eb pjes\u00ebrisht duken edhe n\u00eb dit\u00ebt tona. Nj\u00eb pasuri e madhe objektesh arkeologjike kristiane jan\u00eb grumbulluar n\u00eb muzeun e k\u00ebtij qyteti.<\/p>\n
P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb periudh\u00eb, besimi dhe kisha e krishter\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsohen denj\u00ebsisht si nj\u00eb besim i adhuruar, t\u00eb cilit i p\u00ebrkushtohej me devotshm\u00ebri i gjith\u00eb populli. Vet\u00eb kisha paraqitet me shum\u00eb madh\u00ebshti e dinjitet, n\u00eb drejtimin organizativ. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb koh\u00eb Durr\u00ebsi ishte kryeepiskopat\u00eb.<\/p>\n
N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb qytet jan\u00eb zbuluar gjurm\u00eb t\u00eb kishave madh\u00ebshtore, si ajo e Arapajt, q\u00eb nga ana nd\u00ebrtimore, nga formulimi arkitektonik, si dhe nga zbukurimi me vepra arti t\u00eb gjinive t\u00eb ndryshme, tregojn\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb zhvillim t\u00eb madh.<\/p>\n
Rr\u00ebnojat e kishave monumentale si edhe pjes\u00ebt arkitektonike t\u00eb zbuluara n\u00eb Durr\u00ebs, v\u00ebrtetojn\u00eb se k\u00ebto kisha ishin t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtuara sipas tipeve dhe p\u00ebrmasave t\u00eb ngjashme me kishat e qendrave kryesore t\u00eb krishterimit. N\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet fragmenteve arkitektonike dhe dekoracioneve plastike duket se k\u00ebto kisha kan\u00eb qen\u00eb t\u00eb zbukuruara, brenda e jasht\u00eb, me punime e vepra artistike me vlera t\u00eb m\u00ebdha t\u00eb ekzekutuara nga mjeshtra t\u00eb talentuar.<\/p>\n
P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb periudh\u00eb simboli m\u00eb i adhuruar, p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjith\u00eb t\u00eb krishter\u00ebt, ishte kryqi, i cili ishte i pranish\u00ebm jo vet\u00ebm n\u00eb kisha e objekte t\u00eb tjer\u00eb t\u00eb krishter\u00eb, por edhe deri n\u00eb materialet e nd\u00ebrtimit, gur\u00eb e tulla, n\u00eb objekte familjare t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb p\u00ebrditsh\u00ebm, n\u00eb monedhat, prodhimet e artizanatit, objektet e zbukurimit, veglat e pun\u00ebs, etj. Nga k\u00ebto t\u00eb dh\u00ebna del shum\u00eb qart\u00eb se besimi tek Iisu Krishti ishte mbar\u00ebpopullor, i rr\u00ebnjosur thell\u00ebsisht tek t\u00eb gjith\u00eb. Simboli i kryqit e p\u00ebrfytyronte Iisu Krishtin t\u00eb kryq\u00ebzuar, q\u00eb dha shpirt dhe u ngjall p\u00ebr shp\u00ebtimin e t\u00eb gjith\u00eb njer\u00ebzimit. Kryqi ishte domosdoshm\u00ebrisht i pranish\u00ebm n\u00eb \u00e7do vep\u00ebr e veprim p\u00ebr secilin t\u00eb krishter\u00eb q\u00eb besonte dhe jetonte i ushqyer me frym\u00ebn e shenjt\u00eb t\u00eb Iisu Krishtit Per\u00ebndi.<\/p>\n
Nj\u00eb qytet tjet\u00ebr i lasht\u00eb i vendit ton\u00eb, ku besimi dhe kisha e krishter\u00eb paraqiten me nj\u00eb madh\u00ebshti t\u00eb jasht\u00ebzakonshme, \u00ebsht\u00eb edhe qyteti i lasht\u00eb i Bylisit, q\u00eb ndodhet n\u00eb af\u00ebrsi t\u00eb fshatit Hekal t\u00eb Mallakastr\u00ebs. Ky qytet \u00ebsht\u00eb i njohur nga burimet historike, si nj\u00eb qytet shum\u00eb i zhvilluar dhe i kulturuar i koh\u00ebs antike. P\u00ebr periudhat e m\u00ebvonshme, Bylisi, si nj\u00eb qytet i pastudiuar mir\u00eb, \u00ebsht\u00eb konsideruar nga historian\u00ebt tan\u00eb, si nj\u00eb qytet i shkat\u00ebrruar n\u00eb mesjet\u00ebn e hershme dhe i zhvendosur n\u00eb Ballshin e sot\u00ebm.<\/p>\n
N\u00eb qytetin antik t\u00eb Bylisit, disa vjet m\u00eb par\u00eb jan\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb g\u00ebrmime arkeologjike p\u00ebr zbulimin e teatrit antik t\u00eb k\u00ebtij qyteti, si edhe p\u00ebr zbulimin e mureve rrethuese t\u00eb tij. N\u00eb vazhdim t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre g\u00ebrmimeve, dol\u00ebn n\u00eb drit\u00eb edhe gjurm\u00eb t\u00eb monumenteve t\u00eb tjer\u00eb, q\u00eb v\u00ebrtetuan qart\u00eb p\u00ebr vazhdim\u00ebsin\u00eb e k\u00ebtij qyteti edhe n\u00eb periudh\u00ebn e hershme e t\u00eb von\u00eb bizantine. Zbulimet m\u00eb t\u00eb fundit n\u00eb Bylis jan\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsie t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb dhe me shum\u00eb interes p\u00ebr dokumentimin e p\u00ebrhapjes s\u00eb krisht\u00ebrimit dhe organizimit kishtar n\u00eb v\u00ebndin ton\u00eb, duke filluar nga antikiteti i von\u00eb deri n\u00eb shek. XII.<\/p>\n
N\u00eb vazhdim t\u00eb k\u00ebrkimeve arkeologjike, n\u00eb Bylis jan\u00eb zbuluar pes\u00eb kisha paleokristian\u00eb, me p\u00ebrmasa t\u00eb ndryshme, me zgjidhje arkitektonike t\u00eb tipit bazilikal. K\u00ebto kisha jan\u00eb t\u00eb shtruara me mozaik\u00eb shum\u00ebngjyr\u00ebsh dhe t\u00eb zbukuruara me skulptur\u00eb e element\u00eb arkitektonik\u00eb t\u00eb gdhendur n\u00eb mermer apo gur\u00eb dekorativ\u00eb.<\/p>\n
N\u00eb burimet historike bizantine, Bylisi p\u00ebrmendet s\u00eb bashku me Apollonin\u00eb si episkopat\u00eb me episkop Feliksin, i cili merr pjes\u00eb n\u00eb Sinodhin e Efesit, q\u00eb u zhvillua n\u00eb vitin 431. N\u00eb vitin 458 Bylisi p\u00ebrmendet me emrin Validi dhe kishte si episkop Filoharin. N\u00eb shek. VI Bylisi radhitet nd\u00ebr tet\u00eb qytetet m\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm t\u00eb Epirit t\u00eb Ri.<\/p>\n
N\u00eb munges\u00eb t\u00eb burimeve historike, p\u00ebr periudhat e m\u00ebvonshme, historia e qytetit t\u00eb Bylisit do t\u00eb sakt\u00ebsohet m\u00eb drejt\u00eb, pas studimit t\u00eb holl\u00ebsish\u00ebm n\u00eb p\u00ebrfundimin e zbulimit t\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha kishave, q\u00eb eventualisht gjendeshin n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb qend\u00ebr t\u00eb madhe t\u00eb krishter\u00eb n\u00eb vendin ton\u00eb.<\/p>\n
N\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb paraprake, mund t\u00eb thuhet se mbishkrimet e shumta q\u00eb jan\u00eb zbuluar deri m\u00eb sot n\u00eb qytetin e Bylisit v\u00ebrtetojn\u00eb plot\u00ebsisht se ky qytet, i konsideruar si i shkat\u00ebrruar dhe i zhvendosur n\u00eb Ballsh, n\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb ka nj\u00eb vazhdim\u00ebsi m\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtin truall q\u00eb nga antikiteti, n\u00eb Mesjet\u00ebn e hershme dhe arrin deri n\u00eb shek. X-XI. Sikund\u00ebr e p\u00ebrmend\u00ebm, burimet historike na paraqesin Bylisin si qend\u00ebr episkopale dhe k\u00ebrkimet arkeologjike e v\u00ebrtetojn\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb gj\u00eb me zbulimin e vet\u00eb kish\u00ebs s\u00eb episkopat\u00ebs t\u00eb k\u00ebtij qyteti. Le ta shikojm\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb problem pak m\u00eb me holl\u00ebsi. Nj\u00ebra nga kishat e zbuluara, q\u00eb, si\u00e7 tham\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e tipit bazilikal me tre nefshe, me absid\u00eb gjysm\u00ebrrethore. Brenda absid\u00ebs s\u00eb k\u00ebsaj kishe \u00ebsht\u00eb gjetur i nd\u00ebrtuar nj\u00eb podium n\u00eb form\u00eb unaze me tri k\u00ebmb\u00eb shkall\u00eb. Kjo shkallare \u00ebsht\u00eb elementi kryesor n\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktimin e funksionit t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj kishe si katedrale e episkopat\u00ebs s\u00eb Bylisit. Para abdis\u00ebs dhe n\u00eb krye t\u00eb sall\u00ebs qendrore t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj kishe jan\u00eb ruajtur edhe gjurm\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb qarta, q\u00eb tregojn\u00eb p\u00ebr ekzistenc\u00ebn e nj\u00eb altari t\u00eb trajtuar n\u00eb form\u00eb disi t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb. Ky altar ve\u00e7ohej nga salla qendrore n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet nj\u00eb komande t\u00eb ul\u00ebt. Sikurse tregojn\u00eb element\u00eb t\u00eb arkitektur\u00ebs dekorative, kolonada e altarit ishte me kapitele me p\u00ebrmasa t\u00eb vogla dhe n\u00eb pjes\u00ebn e poshtme lidhej me panele guri t\u00eb gdhendura mes tyre me kryqe t\u00eb rrethuar me motive floreale.<\/p>\n
(Vijon n\u00eb numrin e ardhsh\u00ebm)<\/p>\n
Ko\u00e7o Zheku<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Pjesa e dyt\u00eb e ciklit historik nga Ko\u00e7o Zheku mbi krishterimin n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri gjat\u00eb shek. V-VI. Trajton perandorin Justinian me origjin\u00eb ilire, Durr\u00ebsin si kryeepiskopat\u00eb me kish\u00ebn e Arapajt, dhe qytetin antik t\u00eb Bylisit me pes\u00eb kisha paleokristiane dhe episkopin Feliksin q\u00eb mori pjes\u00eb n\u00eb Sinodhin e Efesit (431).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"nentitulli":"","numri":"2 (17)","viti":"1994","muaji":"Janar-Shkurt","muaji_numer":"2","dita":"","faqet":"[3, 7]","fjale_kyce":"[\"Justinian\", \"Justiniana e Par\u00eb\", \"Tauris\", \"Dardani\", \"Durr\u00ebs\", \"Bylis\", \"Ballsh\", \"Apolloni\", \"Arapaj\", \"Konstandinopol\", \"Sh\u00ebn Sofia\", \"Feliksi\", \"Sinodhi i Efesit\", \"kryqi\", \"arkeologji\"]","permbledhje":"Pjesa e dyt\u00eb e ciklit historik nga Ko\u00e7o Zheku mbi krishterimin n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri gjat\u00eb shek. V-VI. Trajton perandorin Justinian me origjin\u00eb ilire, Durr\u00ebsin si kryeepiskopat\u00eb me kish\u00ebn e Arapajt, dhe qytetin antik t\u00eb Bylisit me pes\u00eb kisha paleokristiane dhe episkopin Feliksin q\u00eb mori pjes\u00eb n\u00eb Sinodhin e Efesit (431).","autori":"Ko\u00e7o Zheku","kategoria":"Histori","kryeredaktor":"Thoma Qendro"},"ngjallja_kategoria":[9258],"ngjallja_autori":[9443],"ngjallja_viti":[9436],"ngjallja_kryeredaktor":[9420],"class_list":["post-82820","ngjallja_article","type-ngjallja_article","status-publish","hentry","ngjallja_kategoria-histori","ngjallja_autori-koco-zheku","ngjallja_viti-9436","ngjallja_kryeredaktor-thoma-qendro"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n