{"id":2003,"date":"2012-08-05T16:53:58","date_gmt":"2012-08-05T16:53:58","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2015-03-23T21:06:03","modified_gmt":"2015-03-23T21:06:03","slug":"miniaturat-ikonografia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/orthodoxalbania.org\/2020\/2012\/08\/05\/miniaturat-ikonografia\/","title":{"rendered":"Miniaturat & Ikonografia"},"content":{"rendered":"

\n\t   Miniaturat <\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\n\t   Modelin m\u00eb t\u00eb hersh\u00ebm t\u00eb ikonografis\u00eb e p\u00ebrb\u00ebjn\u00eb miniaturat e Kodikut t\u00eb famsh\u00ebm t\u00eb Purpurt t\u00eb Beratit, e nj\u00eb dor\u00ebshkrimi Ungjilli, (ndoshta i shek. VI), i shkruar me g\u00ebrma t\u00eb m\u00ebdha. Miniaturat m\u00eb t\u00eb shumta t\u00eb dor\u00ebshkrimeve datojn\u00eb nga shek. IX \u2013 XIV dhe shquhen p\u00ebr bukurin\u00eb e shkrimit me g\u00ebrma t\u00eb arta. Modele t\u00eb stilit t\u00eb shk\u00eblqyer bizantin gjenden edhe n\u00eb dy kodik\u00ebt e Vlor\u00ebs (fundi i shek. XI, fillim i shek. XII). K\u00ebta na kujtojn\u00eb vepra t\u00eb ngjashme me ato t\u00eb Konstandinopoj\u00ebs t\u00eb shek. X.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\n\t   Ikonografia<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\n\t   <\/span><\/span>1) Periudha bizantine<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\n\t   Ikonat m\u00eb t\u00eb vjetra n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri i p\u00ebrkasin shek. XII \u2013 XIV. Ikonat e s\u00eb T\u00ebr\u00ebshenjt\u00ebs Mari (Odhigjitrias) n\u00eb Mborje t\u00eb Kor\u00e7\u00ebs dhe e s\u00eb T\u00ebr\u00ebshenjt\u00ebs n\u00eb Blasti,<\/strong> n\u00eb shpell\u00ebn e liqenit t\u00eb Presp\u00ebs s\u00eb Madhe, konsiderohen nga m\u00eb t\u00eb bukurat e artit bizantin. Stili i koh\u00ebs s\u00eb dinastis\u00eb s\u00eb Maqedon\u00ebve e ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht t\u00eb Paleolog\u00ebve (mesi i shek. XIII \u2013 fundi i shek. XIV), q\u00eb lul\u00ebzoi n\u00eb Konstandinopoj\u00eb e n\u00eb Selanik, ndikoi thell\u00ebsisht veprat q\u00eb gjenden n\u00eb vend. Mjaft mbresl\u00ebn\u00ebse p\u00ebr nga bukuria \u00ebsht\u00eb imazhi i kryeengj\u00ebllit Mihail n\u00eb kish\u00ebn e Mborjes, n\u00eb Kor\u00e7\u00eb (shek. XIV).
\n\t<\/span><\/span>   <\/span><\/span>Modele mjaft me vler\u00eb t\u00eb afreskeve (pikturave murale) bizantine, kan\u00eb mbijetuar n\u00eb vende t\u00eb izoluara, si shpellat n\u00eb Vllastonj\u00eb, Letmi e Kallmet, af\u00ebr Lezh\u00ebs (shek. XII). N\u00eb shek. XIII e XIV u krijuan vepra t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme, midis t\u00eb cilave afresket e manastireve t\u00eb Apollonis\u00eb dhe t\u00eb Rubikut (n\u00eb juglindje t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs), t\u00eb kish\u00ebs s\u00eb Vaut t\u00eb Dej\u00ebs (p\u00ebrs\u00ebri n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr), n\u00eb Malingrad (ishulli i vog\u00ebl i Presp\u00ebs s\u00eb Madhe) dhe t\u00eb kalas\u00eb s\u00eb Beratit. Stili i piktur\u00ebs paraqet ndikime vendase, bizantine por edhe per\u00ebndimore. Prirja m\u00eb e theksuar drejt modeleve t\u00eb lashta klasike duket n\u00eb afresket e menx\u00ebs s\u00eb Manastirit t\u00eb Apollonis\u00eb (fundi i shek. XIII \u2013 fillim i shek. XIV), q\u00eb shquhen p\u00ebr nivelin e lart\u00eb artistik (p.sh. lutja n\u00eb Getsemani). Afreske t\u00eb shk\u00eblqyera t\u00eb nj\u00eb ikonografi anonim t\u00eb shek. XIV ruhen n\u00eb muret e jashtme e t\u00eb brendshme t\u00eb kish\u00ebs, n\u00eb ishullin e Malingradit t\u00eb Presp\u00ebs s\u00eb Madhe (1345-1369). <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\n\t   <\/span><\/span>2) Periudha pasbizantine<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n\t\t\t\t<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t\t\tMetamorfoza e Krishtit<\/strong><\/span>
\n\t\t\t\t\tIkon\u00eb e shek. XVI.
\n\t\t\t\t\tVep\u00ebr e ikonografit
\n\t\t\t\t\tOnuf\u00ebr Neokastritit,
\n\t\t\t\t\tnga Elbasani.
\n\t\t\t\t\tIkon\u00eb nga kisha
\n\t\t\t\t\te Evangjelistrias, Berat.
\n\t\t\t\t\tSot n\u00eb Muzeun e
\n\t\t\t\t\tArtit Mesjetar, Kor\u00e7\u00eb.<\/em><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\n\t   <\/span><\/span>Onuf\u00ebr Neokastriti nga Elbasani, n\u00eb shek. XVI, duke vler\u00ebsuar me gjenialitet t\u00eb gjitha traditat e m\u00ebparshme, shfaqet si ikonografi m\u00eb i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm i Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. Nga veprat e tij shp\u00ebtuan ikonat e ikonostasit t\u00eb kish\u00ebs s\u00eb Evangjelistrias (e T\u00ebr\u00ebshenjt\u00ebs Mari) dhe Sh\u00ebn Dhimitrit, n\u00eb kalan\u00eb e Beratit; afresket e kish\u00ebs s\u00eb Sh\u00ebn Nikoll\u00ebs n\u00eb Shelcan t\u00eb Elbasanit dhe Sh\u00ebn Theodhor\u00ebve, n\u00eb Berat. Ky artist i madh i familjarizuar me tradit\u00ebn bizantine, asimilon n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb krijuese arritje t\u00eb suksesshme t\u00eb artit per\u00ebndimor t\u00eb koh\u00ebs s\u00eb tij. N\u00eb veprat e Onufrit t\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb p\u00ebrshtypje lidhja harmonike e ngjyrave t\u00eb ngrohta me tone t\u00eb fuqishme dhe transparenc\u00eb, ndryshimi i rregullave tradicionale, fuqia psikologjike e fytyrave, kontrasti drit\u00eb-hije si dhe elementi dramatik q\u00eb p\u00ebrshkon afresk\u00ebt e tij. Shpirti artistik i Onufrit formon nj\u00eb shkoll\u00eb ikonografike n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, t\u00eb cil\u00ebn do ta quanim \u201cShkolla e Beratit\u201d. Ata q\u00eb e pasuan, i biri i tij, Nikolla, Joani, bashk\u00ebpun\u00ebtori i Nikoll\u00ebs, m\u00eb von\u00eb Onuf\u00ebr Qiprioti dhe anonim\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00eb, q\u00eb pikturuan kisha n\u00eb zona t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, jan\u00eb ndikuar mjaft nga ai, por pa arritur dot n\u00eb lart\u00ebsin\u00eb e tij.
\n\t   <\/span><\/span>N\u00eb shek. XVII krijimtaria artistike vazhdon dhe shum\u00eb kisha zbukurohen me ikona dhe afreske p.sh. zona e Beratit, fshatra t\u00eb Myzeqes\u00eb, Voskopoja, Vithkuqi, Lubonja, Postenani, Radova dhe Lunxh\u00ebria. N\u00eb vitin 1622, Onuf\u00ebr Qiprioti pikturon kish\u00ebn e s\u00eb T\u00ebr\u00ebshenjt\u00ebs n\u00eb Vrahogoranxi, me stil t\u00eb qet\u00eb, t\u00eb ekuilibruar, ku tregohet artist i talentuar, por q\u00eb nuk t\u00eb emocionon mjaft si artisti tjet\u00ebr me t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtin em\u00ebr. Afresket me mbishkrime n\u00eb greqisht ruajn\u00eb e na tregojn\u00eb emrat e mjaft ikonograf\u00ebve si t\u00eb: Mihail Linotopit e t\u00eb shokut t\u00eb tij Nikoll\u00ebs, n\u00eb kish\u00ebn e Profetit Ilia t\u00eb Stegopolit (1653); Mihail dhe Konstandin Gramozit dhe Mihail Zermas. Shum\u00eb kisha u pikturuan nga anonim\u00eb, si p.sh. Manastiri i Sh\u00ebn Joan Prodhromit (Pararend\u00ebsit), n\u00eb Voskopoj\u00eb (1659).
\n\t<\/span><\/span>   <\/span><\/span>Midis ikonograf\u00ebve vendas t\u00eb shek. XVIII dhe XIX shquhen: David Selenica (nga Selenica e Kolonj\u00ebs), Konstandin Shpataraku (nga Shpati), Konstandin dhe Athanas Zografi (nga Kor\u00e7a) bashk\u00eb me bijt\u00eb dhe nip\u00ebrit, Gjergj dhe Joan \u00c7etiri (nga Grabova) bashk\u00eb me bijt\u00eb dhe nip\u00ebrit, Nikolla Gunga (nga fshatrat e Myzeqes\u00eb). K\u00ebshtu, pra, pas \u201cShkoll\u00ebs s\u00eb Beratit\u201d, t\u00eb shek. XVI \u2013 XVII, do t\u00eb mund t\u00eb flisnim edhe p\u00ebr grupin e ikonograf\u00ebve t\u00eb \u201cShkoll\u00ebs s\u00eb Kor\u00e7\u00ebs\u201d, t\u00eb shek. XVIII \u2013 XIX. Tek veprat e k\u00ebtyre artist\u00ebve \u00ebsht\u00eb i duksh\u00ebm ndikimi i ikonografis\u00eb s\u00eb Malit t\u00eb Shenjt\u00eb, por edhe i stilit per\u00ebndimor. Tek veprat e artist\u00ebve kor\u00e7ar\u00eb Konstandin e Athanas Zografi (mesi i shek. XVIII) v\u00ebrehen edhe tendenca t\u00eb stilit barok, portretet kan\u00eb m\u00eb plasticitet dhe shum\u00eb elemente etnografike. Mjaft shpreh\u00ebse shfaqet pasuria e afreskeve pasbizantine n\u00eb 7 kishat e Voskopoj\u00ebs, q\u00eb ruhen gjer m\u00eb sot. Ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht n\u00eb muret e kish\u00ebs s\u00eb Sh\u00ebn Nikoll\u00ebs, q\u00eb i pikturoi David Selenica (1726), hasim 2000 figura me kompozicion t\u00eb larmish\u00ebm. N\u00eb veprat e tij ato q\u00eb t\u00eb l\u00ebn\u00eb mbresa jan\u00eb: ngjyrat, kompozimi lakonik, d\u00ebshira e tij realiste, interesimi p\u00ebr ambientin dhe perspektiv\u00ebn, p\u00ebrpjekja p\u00ebr t\u2019i b\u00ebr\u00eb sa m\u00eb familjar\u00eb shenjtor\u00ebt gjat\u00eb kish\u00ebrimit (pjes\u00ebmarrjes n\u00eb adhurim), p.sh. fytyra e kryedhjakonit Stefan. Afreske interesante ruhen dhe n\u00eb zona t\u00eb tjera, si p.sh. n\u00eb Manastirin e Sh\u00ebn Triadh\u00ebs (Trinis\u00eb s\u00eb Shenjt\u00eb) n\u00eb Pepeli, q\u00eb u pikturua nga Adam Theotoqi (1754), i T\u00ebr\u00ebshenjt\u00ebs n\u00eb Pec\u00eb (1770), i Sh\u00ebn Spiridhonit n\u00eb Vuno (n\u00eb fund t\u00eb shek. XVIII). N\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb u pikturuan shum\u00eb kisha n\u00eb Myzeqe, si p.sh. e Sh\u00ebn Gjergjit n\u00eb Libofsh\u00eb (1782), q\u00eb u pikturua nga kor\u00e7ari Kostandin dhe i biri i tij Terpo, e Sh\u00ebn Nikoll\u00ebs n\u00eb Vanaj (1795) dhe e Sh\u00ebn Athanasit n\u00eb Karavasta (1797) nga v\u00ebllez\u00ebrit Gjergj dhe Joan \u00c7etiri.
\n\t<\/span><\/span>   <\/span><\/span>N\u00eb fillim t\u00eb shek. XIX Joan \u00c7etiri dhe nipi i tij, Nikolla, pikturojn\u00eb kish\u00ebn e Sh\u00ebn Gjergjit n\u00eb Strum\u00eb; Nikolla \u00c7etiri kish\u00ebn e Sh\u00ebn Nikoll\u00ebs n\u00eb Krutje t\u00eb Lushnj\u00ebs (1811); Joan \u00c7etiri dhe djali i tij, Naumi, kish\u00ebn e Sh\u00ebn Nikoll\u00ebs n\u00eb Toshk\u00ebz t\u00eb Lushnj\u00ebs (1813). Joani dhe nipi i tij, Nikolla, kish\u00ebn e Sh\u00ebn Theodhorit n\u00eb Kadipashaj (1801). K\u00ebrkimi metodik ndoshta mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktoj\u00eb edhe nj\u00eb prirje t\u00eb tret\u00eb t\u00eb ikonografis\u00eb \u201dShkoll\u00ebn e Myzeqes\u00eb\u201d.
\n\t<\/span><\/span>   <\/span><\/span>Libra historik\u00eb t\u00eb koh\u00ebrave m\u00eb t\u00eb hershme p\u00ebrshkruajn\u00eb thesare shum\u00eb t\u00eb \u00e7muara t\u00eb punimit artistik t\u00eb metaleve, t\u00eb gdhendjeve t\u00eb imta dhe q\u00ebndisjeve. Prej gjith\u00eb k\u00ebtyre krijimeve artistike kishtare ruhen mjaft punime gdhendjeje: ikonostasesh, amvonesh, fronesh dhespotik\u00eb, ndenj\u00ebsesh epitrop\u00ebsh etj. (ikonostase n\u00eb Kor\u00e7\u00eb, Voskopoj\u00eb, Ardenic\u00eb, Labov\u00eb, Gjirokast\u00ebr, Libofsh\u00eb, Berat, Elbasan, Leus\u00eb, Lashov\u00eb, Sopik dhe Vithkuq); punime argjendarie e punim metalesh: en\u00eb t\u00eb shenjta (disk e potir), kapak\u00eb ungjilli; dhe punime q\u00ebndistarie (p.sh. Epitafi i Gllavenic\u00ebs). Gjer m\u00eb sot k\u00ebto nuk jan\u00eb studiuar aq sa duhet.
\n\t<\/span><\/span>   <\/span><\/span>Kisha Orthodhokse Autoqefale e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb tregon nj\u00eb interesim t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb, duke dh\u00ebn\u00eb kontributin e saj p\u00ebr studimin, regjistrimin dhe restaurimin e monumenteve orthodhokse t\u00eb ruajtura gjer m\u00eb sot. Shum\u00eb kisha e manastire, kryesisht n\u00eb zona t\u00eb ve\u00e7uara malore, t\u00eb pasura me afreske, t\u00eb k\u00ebrc\u00ebnuara nga koha dhe kushtet e disfavorshme atmosferike, presin studiues dhe restaurues. Thesaret e vyera orthodhokse t\u00eb artit t\u00eb k\u00ebtij rajoni skajor per\u00ebndimor t\u00eb Perandoris\u00eb Bizantine e m\u00eb von\u00eb t\u00eb Perandoris\u00eb Osmane, ato q\u00eb nuk u grabit\u00ebn nga pushtuesit e ndrysh\u00ebm t\u00eb koh\u00ebrave t\u00eb ndryshme, mbeten pasuri kulturore t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, por dhe n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi monumente t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb krijimtaris\u00eb artistike ballkanike e evropiane.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

   Miniaturat     Modelin m\u00eb t\u00eb hersh\u00ebm t\u00eb ikonografis\u00eb e p\u00ebrb\u00ebjn\u00eb miniaturat e Kodikut t\u00eb famsh\u00ebm t\u00eb Purpurt t\u00eb Beratit, e nj\u00eb dor\u00ebshkrimi Ungjilli, (ndoshta i shek. VI), i shkruar me g\u00ebrma t\u00eb m\u00ebdha. Miniaturat m\u00eb t\u00eb shumta t\u00eb dor\u00ebshkrimeve datojn\u00eb nga shek. IX \u2013 XIV dhe shquhen p\u00ebr bukurin\u00eb e shkrimit me g\u00ebrma t\u00eb arta. Modele t\u00eb stilit t\u00eb shk\u00eblqyer bizantin gjenden edhe n\u00eb<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"pagelayer_contact_templates":[],"_pagelayer_content":"","inline_featured_image":false,"fifu_image_url":"","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[248],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2003","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-kisha-e-shqiperise-tradita-historike-shpirterore-artistike-nga-vitet-apostolike-e-gjeri-me-sot"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nMiniaturat & Ikonografia - Kisha Orthodh\u03bfkse Autoqefale e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/orthodoxalbania.org\/2020\/2012\/08\/05\/miniaturat-ikonografia\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Miniaturat & Ikonografia - Kisha Orthodh\u03bfkse Autoqefale e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"   Miniaturat     Modelin m\u00eb t\u00eb hersh\u00ebm t\u00eb ikonografis\u00eb e p\u00ebrb\u00ebjn\u00eb miniaturat e Kodikut t\u00eb famsh\u00ebm t\u00eb Purpurt t\u00eb Beratit, e nj\u00eb dor\u00ebshkrimi Ungjilli, (ndoshta i shek. VI), i shkruar me g\u00ebrma t\u00eb m\u00ebdha. Miniaturat m\u00eb t\u00eb shumta t\u00eb dor\u00ebshkrimeve datojn\u00eb nga shek. IX \u2013 XIV dhe shquhen p\u00ebr bukurin\u00eb e shkrimit me g\u00ebrma t\u00eb arta. 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